{"id":851,"date":"2009-03-03T22:32:20","date_gmt":"2009-03-03T22:32:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/biblical-studies\/sacred-scripture-studies\/second-epistle-to-the-thessalonians\/"},"modified":"2009-03-03T22:32:20","modified_gmt":"2009-03-03T22:32:20","slug":"second-epistle-to-the-thessalonians","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/fr\/biblical-studies\/sacred-scripture-studies\/second-epistle-to-the-thessalonians\/","title":{"rendered":"Premi\u00e8re \u00e9p\u00eetre aux Thessaloniciens"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dans les temps anciens, Thessalonique (aujourd&#039;hui Thessalonique) \u00e9tait la capitale de l&#039;\u00c9tat de Mac\u00e9doine. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e par l&#039;un des g\u00e9n\u00e9raux d&#039;Alexandre le Grand vers l&#039;an 30 av. Il lui donna le nom de sa femme, qui \u00e9tait la s\u0153ur d&#039;Alexandre par son p\u00e8re. La ville est situ\u00e9e dans le golfe de Thermaeike et repose sur une s\u00e9rie de collines. Des voies romaines de premier ordre y acc\u00e8dent, dont la plus importante est la Voie Ignatienne qui part de Rome et se dirige vers l&#039;Asie Mineure et la Mer Noire, la traverse et se dirige vers le nord, jusqu&#039;au Danube. Apr\u00e8s l&#039;an 42, Thessalonique fut appel\u00e9e la Ville libre parce qu&#039;elle se convertit au chiisme pour Octave, qui, en l&#039;an 27 avant JC, devint empereur Auguste. Elle s&#039;enrichit et se gouverna elle-m\u00eame, et sa population \u00e9tait diversifi\u00e9e et comprenait des Grecs, des Italiens et des Syriens. , \u00c9gyptiens et Juifs.<\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p>Paul a visit\u00e9 la ville lors de son deuxi\u00e8me voyage missionnaire, apr\u00e8s avoir laiss\u00e9 les Philippiens expuls\u00e9s. Il commen\u00e7a donc, selon sa coutume, par annoncer la bonne nouvelle dans les synagogues juives. Cependant, la communaut\u00e9 juive s\u2019est rapidement plainte contre l\u2019ap\u00f4tre et l\u2019a contraint \u00e0 quitter la ville (Actes 17\u00a0: 1-10). En fait, certains des Juifs qui \u00e9coutaient Paul pendant \u00ab trois sabbats \u00bb, pendant qu\u2019il leur enseignait \u00ab en leur expliquant (\u00e0 partir de l\u2019Ancien Testament)\u2026 que J\u00e9sus\u2026 est le Christ \u00bb, en ressentaient \u00ab avec envie \u00bb. Ils l&#039;ont accus\u00e9, ainsi que ceux qui ont accept\u00e9 sa pr\u00e9dication, de \u00ab d\u00e9sob\u00e9ir aux ordres de C\u00e9sar parce qu&#039;ils disent qu&#039;il y a un autre roi, J\u00e9sus \u00bb, ce qui a incit\u00e9 les fr\u00e8res \u00e0 forcer Paul et Silas, craignant pour leur s\u00e9curit\u00e9, \u00e0 quitter la ville. Les deux ap\u00f4tres se sont donc dirig\u00e9s de nuit vers B\u00e9r\u00e9e, puis Paul est all\u00e9 seul \u00e0 Ath\u00e8nes, et il est probable que Timoth\u00e9e l&#039;ait contact\u00e9 l\u00e0-bas, alors l&#039;ap\u00f4tre lui a demand\u00e9 d&#039;aller \u00e0 Thessalonique pour le rassurer sur son \u00e9glise. Il s\u2019installe \u00e0 Corinthe, o\u00f9 son \u00e9l\u00e8ve lui annonce une bonne nouvelle qui le r\u00e9conforte grandement. Il semble que les chr\u00e9tiens aient pos\u00e9 \u00e0 Timoth\u00e9e quelques questions - qui ont peut-\u00eatre \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crites dans une lettre - qui les avaient r\u00e9veill\u00e9s apr\u00e8s que l&#039;ap\u00f4tre ait quitt\u00e9 leurs maisons, alors Paul a d\u00e9cid\u00e9, vers l&#039;an 50, de leur \u00e9crire pour les confirmer dans le Seigneur et \u00e9loigne-les de toute d\u00e9viation.<\/p>\n<p>L&#039;Ap\u00f4tre a commenc\u00e9 sa lettre - qui \u00e9tait son premier livre et le premier texte du Nouveau Testament - en remerciant Dieu. Puis, tout en priant, il a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se souvenir du peuple de Thessalonicien et de son activit\u00e9 dans la foi, de sa lutte dans l&#039;amour et de sa vie. une esp\u00e9rance in\u00e9branlable. Cela d\u00e9montrait que le v\u00e9ritable christianisme \u2013 qu\u2019il avait implant\u00e9 \u00e0 Thessalonique \u2013 s\u2019incarnait dans la vie quotidienne. Il explique ensuite la mani\u00e8re dont ce jeune groupe a v\u00e9cu la pers\u00e9cution et y a vu des signes de l&#039;intervention de Dieu, car la \u00ab grande tribulation \u00bb ne les a pas emp\u00each\u00e9s de recevoir \u00ab avec joie la parole de Dieu venant du Saint-Esprit \u00bb (1, 4- 6), mais plut\u00f4t leur foi en Dieu et en son \u00c9vangile (qu&#039;Il les a purifi\u00e9s de l&#039;idol\u00e2trie et les a guid\u00e9s vers la \u00ab v\u00e9rit\u00e9 vivante \u00bb (J\u00e9sus, ressuscit\u00e9 des morts...). Sa nouvelle s&#039;est r\u00e9pandue \u00ab en tous lieux \u00bb (7- dix).<\/p>\n<p>Dans le deuxi\u00e8me chapitre, l\u2019Ap\u00f4tre sugg\u00e8re que ses ennemis continuent leur campagne pour le discr\u00e9diter, ce qui l\u2019a contraint \u00e0 se d\u00e9fendre en rappelant aux chr\u00e9tiens ce qui s\u2019est r\u00e9ellement pass\u00e9 lorsqu\u2019il est venu vers eux et leur a annonc\u00e9 \u00ab la bonne nouvelle de Dieu \u00bb. Il leur a assur\u00e9 qu\u2019il n\u2019y avait aucune erreur dans sa pr\u00e9dication, \u00ab aucune immoralit\u00e9, aucune tromperie \u00bb, aucune flatterie et aucune recherche de \u00ab gloire \u00bb de qui que ce soit. Il souffrait de douleurs et de blessures... et n&#039;acceptait aucune aide financi\u00e8re (sauf l&#039;offrande des croyants de Philippiens 4\u00a0: 15-16). En tant qu&#039;\u00ab ap\u00f4tre du Christ \u00bb, il travaillait \u00ab nuit et jour \u00bb pour ne pas le faire. pour accabler \u00ab\u00a0n\u2019importe qui\u00a0\u00bb. Puis il leur a rappel\u00e9 comment il traitait chacun d&#039;eux \u00ab d&#039;une mani\u00e8re juste et juste, sans reproche \u00bb, et comment il leur pr\u00eachait, les fortifiait et les appelait \u00e0 mener \u00ab une vie digne de Dieu, qui vous appelle \u00e0 son royaume et sa gloire \u00bb (1-21). Puis Paul parla (13-16) contre la communaut\u00e9 juive avec une duret\u00e9 m\u00e9rit\u00e9e (\u00ab Ce sont eux qui ont tu\u00e9 le Seigneur J\u00e9sus et les proph\u00e8tes... et ce sont eux qui ne plaisent pas \u00e0 Dieu... et ils nous emp\u00eachent de parler aux pa\u00efens pour obtenir le salut... \u00bb). \u00c0 la fin de ce chapitre, Paul, en tant que p\u00e8re (et m\u00e8re), montre une grande affection envers les Thessaloniciens. Sa s\u00e9paration d&#039;avec eux a accru son d\u00e9sir \u00ab et son d\u00e9sir de voir leurs visages \u00bb (17-20). Son inqui\u00e9tude, comme nous l\u2019avons mentionn\u00e9, l\u2019a incit\u00e9 \u00e0 envoyer Timoth\u00e9e s\u2019enqu\u00e9rir de leur situation, et il avait peur que \u00ab le tentateur ne les ait tent\u00e9s \u00bb. Cependant, Timoth\u00e9e r\u00e9conforta son ma\u00eetre en lui apportant des bouquets parfum\u00e9s qui rafra\u00eechirent son c\u0153ur et le r\u00e9confort\u00e8rent (il lui parla de leur foi, de leur amour, de leur fermet\u00e9 et de leur d\u00e9sir de le voir...) (3\u00a0:\u00a01-13).<\/p>\n<p>Dans le quatri\u00e8me chapitre, l&#039;Ap\u00f4tre a publi\u00e9 les instructions qu&#039;il a re\u00e7ues du Seigneur ressuscit\u00e9 qui est pr\u00e9sent dans l&#039;\u00c9glise par son Saint-Esprit. Il les a exhort\u00e9s \u00e0 avancer plus loin dans la vie qui \u00ab pla\u00eet \u00e0 Dieu \u00bb et les a appel\u00e9s \u00e0 \u00e9viter l&#039;adult\u00e8re. et que chacun d\u2019eux fasse bien \u00ab de prendre une \u00e9pouse dans la saintet\u00e9 et la saintet\u00e9 \u00bb. Il ne fait aucun doute que ce commandement \u00e9tait difficile pour les jeunes convertis, mais le Messager, qui n&#039;accepte pas que la foi soit th\u00e9orique et dont les normes morales sont \u00e9quivalentes \u00e0 celles des pa\u00efens, a exhort\u00e9 les chr\u00e9tiens \u00e0 se d\u00e9barrasser de tout ce qui entrave leur saintet\u00e9, de peur qu\u2019ils \u00ab sous-estiment Dieu \u00bb. Puis il leur rappela l&#039;amour fraternel, et leur interdisa la paresse (il leur demanda de travailler de leurs mains) afin qu&#039;ils ne soient pas un fardeau pour les autres. A la fin de ce chapitre, on se rend compte que plusieurs d\u00e9c\u00e8s sont survenus dans l&#039;\u00e9glise et ont inqui\u00e9t\u00e9 les croyants, alors ils ont interrog\u00e9 Paul sur le sort des morts et leur participation au temps \u00e0 venir. Dans sa r\u00e9ponse, le Messager a utilis\u00e9 des mots et des images connus dans la litt\u00e9rature apocalyptique juive (la voix, la trompette et les nuages...) afin de d\u00e9montrer, de mani\u00e8re symbolique, la puissance sublime de Dieu. Il les a appel\u00e9s \u00e0 faire confiance au Seigneur J\u00e9sus, qui est ressuscit\u00e9 des morts et a aboli la mort par sa mort, et il les a consol\u00e9s en leur r\u00e9v\u00e9lant que ceux qui croient en lui (les morts et les vivants) partageront sa victoire et jouira de la joie de sa pr\u00e9sence et sera \u00ab toujours avec le Seigneur \u00bb (4\u00a0:\u00a013-18).<\/p>\n<p>Dans le cinqui\u00e8me chapitre, il aborde la question de la seconde venue du Seigneur et utilise certains des m\u00eames mots de la litt\u00e9rature apocalyptique (le jour du Seigneur, la lumi\u00e8re et les t\u00e9n\u00e8bres). Dans son traitement, il est parti des paroles de J\u00e9sus (Marc 13, 32), selon lesquelles personne ne sait quand le Seigneur viendra \u00ab comme un voleur dans la nuit \u00bb et que nous devons l&#039;attendre \u00ab pendant que nous sommes \u00e9veill\u00e9s \u00bb. .\u00bb Puis il fortifia les croyants et les appela \u00e0 s\u2019\u00e9difier les uns les autres (5\u00a0:\u00a01-11). A la fin de la lettre, il inclut dix-sept commandements pratiques et distincts (il leur demande d&#039;honorer leurs bergers... et de ne pas rendre le mal pour le mal...). Il leur fait jurer que \u00ab cette lettre serait lue \u00e0 tous les fr\u00e8res \u00bb (12-28).<\/p>\n<p>Ce message nous aide \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir les traces des premi\u00e8res expressions de la foi en Christ. Il nous fait toucher \u00e0 la vitalit\u00e9 de l&#039;\u00c9vangile dans l&#039;\u00c9glise primitive. Il nous appelle \u00e0 avoir notre christianisme v\u00e9ritablement incarn\u00e9 dans la vie, et \u00e0 l&#039;avoir \u00e0 tout moment. , une esp\u00e9rance sans fin dans le Seigneur J\u00e9sus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Mon bulletin paroissial<br \/>dimanche 6 septembre 1998<br \/>Num\u00e9ro 36<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627 (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 30. \u0642.\u0645. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 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