{"id":1145,"date":"2009-06-20T10:20:28","date_gmt":"2009-06-20T10:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/faith-and-theology\/the-human\/the-holiness-and-the-saints\/intro-to-patrology\/"},"modified":"2009-06-20T10:20:28","modified_gmt":"2009-06-20T10:20:28","slug":"intro-to-patrology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/ro\/faith-and-theology\/the-human\/the-holiness-and-the-saints\/intro-to-patrology\/","title":{"rendered":"Introducere \u00een patriarhat"},"content":{"rendered":"

introducere:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Biserica Ortodox\u0103 subliniaz\u0103 importan\u021ba p\u0103rin\u021bilor p\u00e2n\u0103 la punctul \u00een care a fost cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201eBiserica P\u0103rin\u021bilor.\u201d Deci, cine sunt ace\u0219ti oameni? Tat\u0103l este de obicei cel care ne na\u0219te fizic \u0219i deci intelectual \u0219i spiritual, iar la aceast\u0103 a doua na\u0219tere se refer\u0103 apostolul Pavel \u00een prima sa scrisoare c\u0103tre Corinteni 4:15: \u201eC\u0103ci, de\u0219i ave\u021bi nenum\u0103rate c\u0103l\u0103uze \u00een Hristos, s\u0103 nu ai mul\u021bi p\u0103rin\u021bi, c\u0103ci eu v-am n\u0103scut \u00een Hristos Isus prin Evanghelie. \u0218i tot a\u0219a zice Sf\u00e2ntul Irineu, Episcopul Lyonului (130-200 d.Hr.): \u201eCine m\u0103 va \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba o scrisoare, eu voi fi fiul lui\u201d. tat\u0103l meu.\u201d Educa\u021bia este ceea ce determin\u0103 paternitatea. Din secolul al II-lea, episcopul a fost numit tat\u0103 pentru c\u0103 \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 credin\u021ba. Apoi, acest termen a devenit comun \u00een secolul al patrulea \u0219i a fost folosit \u00een mod colectiv ca \u201ep\u0103rin\u021bi\u201d pentru episcopii antici \u00een general, cunoscu\u021bi pentru dreptatea doctrinei. S-a aplicat \u0219i la neepiscopi precum Sf\u00e2ntul Ieronim preotul (420 d.Hr.) \u0219i Prosper secularul. 325) tatii. Din secolul al V-lea, \u201eP\u0103rin\u021bii\u201d au \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie folosi\u021bi \u00een dezbaterile teologice, iar consensul lor a \u00eenceput s\u0103 confirme un anumit adev\u0103r.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Cine este tat\u0103l \u0219i cum \u00eel putem clasifica pe a\u0219a \u0219i a\u0219a drept unul dintre p\u0103rin\u021bii bisericii?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Biserica Catolic\u0103 r\u0103spunde c\u0103 p\u0103rin\u021bii sunt autorit\u0103\u021bi teologice antice \u0219i stipuleaz\u0103 c\u0103 tat\u0103l:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Integritatea doctrinei.<\/li>\n
  2. Sfin\u021benia vie\u021bii.<\/li>\n
  3. Recunoa\u0219tere de c\u0103tre biseric\u0103.<\/li>\n
  4. Piciorul.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te Biserica Protestant\u0103, ea \u00eei define\u0219te pe P\u0103rin\u021bi drept \u201escriitorii cre\u0219tini\u201d ortodoc\u0219i \u0219i eretici care au dorit, con\u0219tient sau incon\u0219tient, s\u0103 descopere \u0219i s\u0103 prezinte revela\u021bia divin\u0103, iar aceast\u0103 revela\u021bie a fost revelat\u0103 de Iisus Hristos \u0219i transmis\u0103 \u00een Sf\u00e2nta Biblie. Biserica Ortodox\u0103 nu a dat \u00eenc\u0103 o defini\u021bie precis\u0103 \u0219i clar\u0103 a p\u0103rintelui, dar accept\u0103 standardele stabilite de Biserica Catolic\u0103 de ortodoxie a doctrinei \u0219i sfin\u021benie a conduitei. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te recunoa\u0219terea oficial\u0103 a sfin\u021beniei unui cutare sau a paternit\u0103\u021bii sale, aceasta nu este inevitabil, \u00eentruc\u00e2t sfin\u021benia tr\u0103it\u0103 este cunoscut\u0103 spontan \u00een Biseric\u0103 \u0219i nu are nevoie de nicio alt\u0103 dovad\u0103 dec\u00e2t ea \u00eens\u0103\u0219i. C\u00e2t despre antichitate, Ortodoxia a dep\u0103\u0219it-o, \u00eentruc\u00e2t nu a pus capat definitiv perioadei patristice, adic\u0103 a\u0219teapt\u0103 mereu r\u0103s\u0103rirea sfin\u021bilor p\u0103rin\u021bi.<\/p>\n

    Care este perioada patristic\u0103?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Este perioada de timp \u00een care au tr\u0103it p\u0103rin\u021bii, iar occidentalii \u00eencheie aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 cu moartea lui Grigore cel Mare (604) \u0219i a lui Isidore de Civil (636), care este \u00een prezent decanul Colegiului Teologic protestant din Strasbourg , sugereaz\u0103 \u00eencheierea perioadei patristice (1054), data marii schisme, deoarece \u00eenainte de aceast\u0103 dat\u0103 Biserica era una. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te Biserica Ortodox\u0103, ea nu a \u00eencheiat \u00eenc\u0103 epoca Patriarhilor, a\u0219a cum \u00ee\u0219i imagineaz\u0103 unii, cu Ioan Damaschinul (749), ci, dimpotriv\u0103, o deschide pentru totdeauna. Ea \u00eei num\u0103r\u0103 printre p\u0103rin\u021bii ei pe Simeon Teologul Modern (1022), Grigory Palamas (1259), Nicolae Cabasila (1371), Marcu din Efes (1441) \u0219i al\u021bii spune: \u201eCine ne spune c\u0103 epoca noastr\u0103 nu produce sf\u00e2nt ta\u021bi precum Vasile \u0219i Atanasie? \u0218i c\u00e2nd spunem c\u0103 nu mai exist\u0103 p\u0103rin\u021bi, \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 Duhul Sf\u00e2nt a p\u0103r\u0103sit Biserica. Fiecare credincios este chemat s\u0103 fie p\u0103rinte sf\u00e2nt, iar \u00een Biserica noastr\u0103 ortodox\u0103 \u00eel numim \u0219i ast\u0103zi pe preot, pentru c\u0103 este. chemat s\u0103 ne nasc\u0103 \u00een credin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 ne \u00eenve\u021be \u00een cuv\u00e2nt \u0219i purtare. Deci, putem defini pe scurt tat\u0103l: El este proprietarul dreptei credin\u021be pe care o \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 \u0219i o tr\u0103ie\u0219te.<\/p>\n

    Care este autoritatea p\u0103rin\u021bilor?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Dup\u0103 cum spuneam, Biserica Ortodox\u0103 pune mare accent pe importan\u021ba P\u0103rin\u021bilor, iar din secolul al V-lea P\u0103rin\u021bii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie folosi\u021bi \u00een dezbaterile teologice. Biserica Ortodox\u0103 consider\u0103 c\u0103 consensul nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 toat\u0103 lumea este de acord cu o opinie, ci mai degrab\u0103 consensul majorit\u0103\u021bii celor a c\u0103ror p\u0103rere are greutate \u0219i importan\u021b\u0103. Biserica noastr\u0103 consider\u0103 de mare importan\u021b\u0103 \u0219i declara\u021biile P\u0103rin\u021bilor adoptate de sinoade. Prin urmare, autoritatea p\u0103rin\u021bilor a ajuns pe locul doi dup\u0103 Biblie.<\/p>\n

    De ce \u00eei studiem pe ta\u021bi?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00cen defini\u021bia noastr\u0103 a tat\u0103lui, am spus c\u0103 el este st\u0103p\u00e2nul credin\u021bei pe care o \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 \u0219i o tr\u0103ie\u0219te, iar fiec\u0103rui membru al Bisericii Ortodoxe i se cere s\u0103-\u0219i cunoasc\u0103 credin\u021ba, s\u0103 o tr\u0103iasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 o \u00eenve\u021be. Cine, deci, poate realiza toate acestea mai bine dec\u00e2t cei care l-au precedat \u00een acest domeniu \u0219i au atins apogeul Cel mai bun profesor dintre toate este cel care \u00eembin\u0103 cuno\u0219tin\u021bele cu via\u021ba \u0219i este cel care pl\u0103te\u0219te cu via\u021ba sa pre\u021bul credin\u021bei sale? , iar aceasta a fost soarta majorit\u0103\u021bii ta\u021bilor. A cunoa\u0219te, a crede \u0219i a tr\u0103i ceea ce credem este a\u0219adar scopul studierii P\u0103rin\u021bilor, iar dac\u0103 vrem detalii, spunem c\u0103 studiem P\u0103rin\u021bii:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Pentru a ob\u021bine cuno\u0219tin\u021be teologice corecte \u0219i g\u00e2ndire teologic\u0103 profund\u0103.<\/li>\n
    2. S\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m astfel s\u0103 explic\u0103m credin\u021ba \u0219i s\u0103 o ap\u0103r\u0103m \u00eempotriva ereticilor \u0219i ereticilor.<\/li>\n
    3. S\u0103-i imit\u0103m \u00een dragostea lor pentru Sf\u00e2nta Biblie, memorarea \u0219i explicarea ei, \u0219i s\u0103 le urm\u0103m exemplul \u00een perfec\u021biune \u0219i sfin\u021benie.<\/li>\n
    4. S\u0103 cunoa\u0219tem istoria bisericii noastre \u0219i dezvoltarea ei \u00een doctrin\u0103, \u00een liturghie \u0219i \u00een explicarea Sfintei Biblii.<\/li>\n
    5. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, Biserica este p\u0103rt\u0103\u0219ia credincio\u0219ilor de la \u00eenceputul crea\u021biei p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul ei, iar P\u0103rin\u021bii sunt membri vii ai acestei Biserici Ei au experimentat cerin\u021bele credin\u021bei \u00een timpul lor \u0219i s-au luptat p\u00e2n\u0103 la s\u00e2nge pentru a stabili aceast\u0103 credin\u021b\u0103 Prin urmare, experien\u021ba lor este o comoar\u0103 pre\u021bioas\u0103 pentru noi \u0219i trebuie s\u0103 cunoa\u0219tem \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m despre ea pentru a beneficia de ea pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce ne confrunt\u0103m cu provoc\u0103rile credin\u021bei \u0219i provoc\u0103rilor lumii \u0219i este posibil s\u0103 ne confrunt\u0103m uneori cu aceea\u0219i problem\u0103 cu care s-au confruntat p\u0103rin\u021bii, chiar dac\u0103 vremurile difer\u0103. A\u0219a c\u0103 \u00eei studiem pentru a tr\u0103i cu ei, pentru a \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba de la ei \u0219i pentru a-i imita a\u0219a cum l-au imitat pe Domnul lor.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Cum \u00eei studiem pe p\u0103rin\u021bi?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Cea mai comun\u0103 metod\u0103 \u00een studierea P\u0103rin\u021bilor este metoda istoric\u0103, care se bazeaz\u0103 pe studierea vie\u021bii p\u0103rintelui, a scrierilor sale \u0219i a \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103turii sale teologice. Pentru realizarea acestui studiu trebuie s\u0103 ne \u00eentoarcem la izvoarele istorice care vorbesc despre acest p\u0103rinte \u0219i care, atunci c\u00e2nd acestea lipsesc, recurgem la scrierile \u00een sine, poate c\u0103 ele men\u021bioneaz\u0103 ceva despre via\u021ba autorului lor. Odat\u0103 g\u0103site textele \u0219i dup\u0103 verificarea lor, devine posibil\u0103 studierea g\u00e2ndirii autorului lor. Pe baza acestei metode, perioada patristic\u0103 limitat\u0103 (\u00een Occident) a fost \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit\u0103 \u00een trei sec\u021biuni:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. De la \u00eenceput p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een secolul al III-lea.<\/li>\n
      2. Este epoca de aur a P\u0103rin\u021bilor (300-430).<\/li>\n
      3. Ultima epoc\u0103 (430-850).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Fiecare sec\u021biune este \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit\u0103 pe r\u00e2nd \u00een inele \u0219i b\u0103rba\u021bi. C\u00e2t despre noi, ortodoc\u0219ii, am subliniat anterior c\u0103 epoca patriarhal\u0103 nu se opre\u0219te \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 limitat\u0103 de timp.<\/p>\n

        P\u0103rin\u021bii \u0219i importan\u021ba lor \u00een biseric\u0103 \u0219i \u00een via\u021ba noastr\u0103<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

        Nu cu mult timp \u00een urm\u0103, lumea cre\u0219tin\u0103, \u00een special cea occidental\u0103, nu cuno\u0219tea aproape P\u0103rin\u021bii R\u0103s\u0103riteni \u0219i importan\u021ba teologiei lor \u00een Biseric\u0103 \u0219i \u00een via\u021ba de zi cu zi. Poate c\u0103 acesta a fost factorul pierderii, rupturii \u0219i transform\u0103rii sale \u00eentr-o fiin\u021b\u0103 uman\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 o adev\u0103rat\u0103 identitate spiritual\u0103 \u0219i \u00eentr-o fiin\u021b\u0103 care ob\u021bine cu greu adev\u0103rul, nu m\u0103rturise\u0219te despre el \u0219i nu-i permite Dumnezeului viu s\u0103 intre. realitatea lui a \u00eenceput \u00eens\u0103 s\u0103 descopere o nou\u0103 lume \u0219i o oaz\u0103 de confort \u00een de\u0219ertul acestei anihil\u0103ri, iar motivul acestei descoperiri poate fi o reac\u021bie asupra sufletului care s-a infiltrat \u00een corup\u021bie \u0219i a fost \u00eenghi\u021bit de via\u021ba biologic\u0103 pe aceast\u0103 scindare a personalit\u0103\u021bii sale spirituale \u0219i falsitatea vie\u021bii pur spirituale. Pierderea spiritual\u0103 \u00eens\u0103\u0219i l-a condus pe calea \u00eentoarcerii \u00een lumea zeit\u0103\u021bilor, la c\u0103utarea adev\u0103ratei sale existen\u021be particip\u00e2nd la via\u021ba Sfintei Treimi \u0219i la descoperirea sinelui s\u0103u ridicat la statura divinit\u0103\u021bii \u00een personalitatea sfin\u021bilor p\u0103rin\u021bi. El a \u00eenceput s\u0103 acorde aten\u021bie P\u0103rin\u021bilor Bisericii, scrierilor lor \u0219i teologiei lor, ca \u0219i cum ar fi dovezile vie ale sc\u0103rii care duce la via\u021ba nou\u0103 \u00een Hristos traduse \u00een vie\u021bile lor p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd aceast\u0103 er\u0103 a devenit, sau aproape a devenit, o er\u0103 a perspicacit\u0103\u021bii patristice, o er\u0103 a neglij\u0103rii teologiei ra\u021bionale \u0219i a pasiunii doctrinare \u00eenstr\u0103inate de via\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

        P\u0103rin\u021bii sunt \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torii spirituali, propov\u0103duitorii ve\u0219tii bune a \u00cenvierii, oamenii cu talente multiple, purt\u0103torii dreptei p\u0103reri \u0219i ai tradi\u021biei transmise apostolilor, \u0219i ei sunt, a\u0219a cum am spus mai \u00eenainte, cei care dau na\u0219terea oamenilor \u00een Hristos \u0219i care exprim\u0103 verbal, prin iluminarea Duhului Sf\u00e2nt, experien\u021ba adev\u0103rului p\u0103rintesc, care este lumin\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103l\u0103uzire. P\u0103rin\u021bii sunt cei care au experimentat trezirea spiritual\u0103, vigilen\u021ba interioar\u0103 \u0219i aten\u021bia constant\u0103 pentru prezen\u021ba \u0219i ac\u021biunea Domnului \u00een om. Li s-a dat titlul \u201ep\u0103rin\u021bii trezi\u021bi\u201d, \u00een timp ce luptau cu lenea, apatia \u0219i neaten\u021bia fa\u021b\u0103 de c\u0103utarea constant\u0103 a lui Dumnezeu de a sprijini. omul, \u0219i s-au luptat \u00eempotriva intoxic\u0103rii omului cu ceea ce este material \u0219i lumesc. Apostolul Pavel a vorbit despre trezire, spun\u00e2nd: \u201eTrezi\u021bi-v\u0103 pentru dreptate \u0219i nu p\u0103c\u0103tui\u021bi, c\u0103ci sunt unii care nu au cuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 de Dumnezeu, spre ru\u0219inea voastr\u0103\u201d (1 Corinteni 15:34). a\u0219a cum fac al\u021bi oameni, ci mai degrab\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 st\u0103m treji \u00een timp ce suntem treji.\u201d Atunci, vie\u021bile personale ale p\u0103rin\u021bilor sunt sursa importan\u021bei lor \u00een istoria spiritului, \u00een via\u021ba Bisericii \u0219i \u00een vie\u021bi de oameni. Dac\u0103 oamenii cred c\u0103 scriitorul obi\u0219nuit este mai important dec\u00e2t operele \u0219i scrierile sale, cu at\u00e2t mai mult se aplic\u0103 acest lucru profesorilor universului \u0219i vie\u021bii lor \u00een toate etapele efortului s\u0103u, fie \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te caracterul, spiritualitatea \u0219i vigilen\u021ba constant\u0103, fie \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te suferin\u021ba lor, m\u0103rturiile lor zilnice, m\u0103rturia lor s\u00e2ngeroas\u0103, somnul \u0219i tranzi\u021bia lor. Ca imitatori ai vie\u021bii \u0219i suferin\u021belor lui Hristos, ei au devenit modele vii pentru oamenii timpului lor \u0219i sunt \u00eenc\u0103 un model pentru aceast\u0103 genera\u021bie dac\u0103 vrea s\u0103 fie \u00eendrumat\u0103, pentru c\u0103 este mare nevoie de oameni ca ei, \u0219i de noi. pentru a \u00eentruchipa paternitatea divin\u0103 \u00een genera\u021bia contemporan\u0103 \u0219i pentru cineva care va da na\u0219tere acestei genera\u021bii \u00een Isus Hristos, o va c\u0103l\u0103uzi spiritual \u0219i o va uni cu Domnul. Biserica de ast\u0103zi devine biserica lui Hristos atunci c\u00e2nd copiii ei \u00eei imit\u0103 pe p\u0103rin\u021bi, ajung la statura lor, arat\u0103 altora calea adev\u0103rului \u0219i a vie\u021bii \u0219i dezv\u0103luie o persoan\u0103 plin\u0103 de har.<\/p>\n

        \u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te scrierile p\u0103rin\u021bilor, ele nu sunt o prelungire a vie\u021bii fizice, ci mai degrab\u0103 un rezultat firesc al c\u0103ii \u00eendumnezeirii \u0219i de aceea g\u0103sim \u00een ele un spirit care le deosebe\u0219te de lucr\u0103rile acestui veac. Citim doar ceea ce ne este sete, ceea ce este foarte aproape de noi \u00een\u0219ine \u0219i ceea ce este legat de noua fiin\u021b\u0103 uman\u0103, transformat\u0103, dup\u0103 chipul \u0219i asem\u0103narea Creatorului. Poate c\u0103 lucr\u0103rile lor, \u00een aspectele existen\u021biale, sunt mai moderne dec\u00e2t blogurile teologilor contemporani, a\u0219a cum spune p\u0103rintele George Florevsky, iar citirea lor implic\u0103 o deta\u0219are de lume, o adresare c\u0103tre Dumnezeu \u0219i o plecare c\u0103tre lumea divinit\u0103\u021bii. Nu sunt scrierile lor consemnate \u00een c\u0103r\u021bile de rug\u0103ciuni \u0219i ritualuri? Textele rug\u0103ciunilor noastre nu sunt altceva dec\u00e2t o colec\u021bie de selec\u021bii din scrierile lor \u0219i contribu\u021bia lor teologic\u0103 abundent\u0103, care nu constituie o nou\u0103 \u00een\u021belegere a Evangheliei sau o nou\u0103 teologie care veste\u0219te un alt Hristos, ci mai degrab\u0103 o nou\u0103 expresie a evanghelicului Adev\u0103rurile MISTICE Teologia lor, \u00een spiritul ei, este o teologie biblic\u0103, de\u0219i este uneori aranjat\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod logic, prev\u0103zut\u0103 cu dovezi \u0219i argumente logice, scris\u0103 \u00een alt\u0103 limb\u0103 \u0219i folosind cuvinte care au fost folosite \u00een filosofia greac\u0103, aceasta este ceea ce a determinat. Sf\u00e2ntul Grigorie de Nazianz a continuat spun\u00e2nd c\u0103 p\u0103rin\u021bii vorbeau teologic \u00een acela\u0219i mod \u00een care vorbeau pescarii \u0219i nu vorbeau \u201earistotelic\u201d.<\/p>\n

        Biserica lui Hristos nu cre\u0219te \u00een adev\u0103rul ei cu unul dintre p\u0103rin\u021bi, ci mai degrab\u0103 cre\u0219te prin experimentarea cunoa\u0219terii \u0219i tr\u0103irea adev\u0103rului, \u00eentruc\u00e2t adev\u0103rul \u00een sine nu cre\u0219te sau scade pentru c\u0103 este asem\u0103n\u0103tor realit\u0103\u021bii dumnezeie\u0219ti. Doar experien\u021ba adev\u0103rului cre\u0219te \u00een func\u021bie de cultura spiritual\u0103 \u0219i stadiul de \u00eendumnezeire a omului. Din acest punct de vedere, Biserica \u00een\u021belege contribu\u021bia teologic\u0103 re\u00eennoit\u0103 a P\u0103rin\u021bilor \u00een sincronizarea \u0219i leg\u0103tura cu Dumnezeu. P\u0103rin\u021bii R\u0103s\u0103riteni au deturnat luminile active ale Duhului Sf\u00e2nt \u00een Biseric\u0103 \u0219i au transpus aceast\u0103 str\u0103lucire \u00een textele lor. Ei au f\u0103cut din promisiunea Domnului de a-l trimite pe M\u00e2ng\u00e2ietor o realitate proeminent\u0103 \u0219i au explicat c\u0103 \u201eEl c\u0103l\u0103uze\u0219te \u0219i \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 toate lucrurile \u0219i aminte\u0219te de tot ceea ce Hristos. a spus \u00een via\u021ba lui pe p\u0103m\u00e2nt (Ioan 14:16) \u0218i voi cere Tat\u0103lui \u0219i v\u0103 va da un alt M\u00e2ng\u00e2ietor s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2ne\u021bi cu voi pentru totdeauna\u201d. Domnul a revelat lucrarea M\u00e2ng\u00e2ietorului prin acei oameni mari care au tr\u0103it \u00een Biserica vie \u0219i au f\u0103cut Biserica s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 prin \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103turile lor. \u00cen con\u0219tiin\u021ba Bisericii, \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103torii ei au tr\u0103it, complet\u00e2nd \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103turile Apostolilor \u0219i purt\u00e2nd tradi\u021bia. Duh, \u0219i din acest motiv i-a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat ortodoc\u0219i, chiar temeiul \u0219i temelia Ortodoxiei. Problema continu\u0103rii epocii patristice este de mare importan\u021b\u0103 deoarece este legat\u0103 de continuarea ac\u021biunii Duhului Sf\u00e2nt \u00een Biseric\u0103, de importan\u021ba ei contemporan\u0103 \u0219i de sensul de via\u021b\u0103 pe care p\u0103rin\u021bii \u00eel ofer\u0103 copiilor acestei genera\u021bii. Dac\u0103 antichitatea ar fi dat\u0103 ca baz\u0103 pentru recunoa\u0219terea paternit\u0103\u021bii, aceasta ar fi o g\u00e2ndire str\u0103veche \u0219i o literatur\u0103 ascuns\u0103 care nu merit\u0103 studiu \u0219i aten\u021bie. Prin urmare, scopul pentru care \u00eei studiem pe p\u0103rin\u021bi \u0219i ne \u00eengrijim profund de ei este s\u0103 gust\u0103m lumea lor spiritual\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 atingem urmele Duhului Sf\u00e2nt \u00een personalit\u0103\u021bile lor, efectele lor \u0219i \u00een tot ceea ce ne-au l\u0103sat, \u0219i s\u0103 punem degetul pe luptele lor, r\u0103nile lor \u0219i s\u00e2ngele pe care l-au v\u0103rsat de dragul adev\u0103rului divin cu care erau uni\u021bi.<\/p>\n

        Sfin\u021bii P\u0103rin\u021bi sunt un grup obi\u0219nuit din punct de vedere al naturii \u0219i al umanit\u0103\u021bii, cu excep\u021bia faptului c\u0103 au c\u0103utat s\u0103 dob\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 experien\u021ba sfin\u021beniei \u0219i a \u00eendumnezeirii \u0219i au c\u00e2\u0219tigat libertate asociat\u0103 cu iubirea \u0219i asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu iubirea Sfintei Treimi, care ast\u0103zi a devenit o credin\u021b\u0103-voin\u021b\u0103. \u00eentr-o direc\u0163ie opus\u0103 voin\u0163ei divine. Din acest motiv, s-au luminat \u0219i au confirmat credin\u021ba pe care au primit-o de la Dumnezeu (Enos, unul dintre p\u0103rin\u021bi), \u0219i au devenit martiri pentru Ortodoxie, modele de urmat \u0219i modele de combatere a \u00eenstr\u0103in\u0103rii spirituale, a voin\u021bei s\u0103n\u0103toase \u0219i a sc\u0103p\u0103rii nimicului \u0219i a mor\u021bii. . Prin urmare, urm\u00e2nd sfin\u021bii p\u0103rin\u021bi pe c\u0103ile jihadiste era b\u0103utura divin\u0103 amestecat\u0103 cu cuvintele adev\u0103rului \u0219i apa spovedaniei, din care atunci c\u00e2nd bem, \u00eel vedem pe Dumnezeu vorbind omului contemporan cu o explica\u021bie a secretului acestui univers.<\/p>\n

        Sf\u00e2nta Biblie a P\u0103rin\u021bilor<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

        Primele patru secole au fost martorii dezvolt\u0103rii concep\u021biei Bisericii despre Biblie, rezultat\u0103 din apari\u021bia ereziilor \u0219i ereziilor care au folosit teoria modelelor interpretative pentru a introduce unele concepte filozofice \u00een credin\u021ba cre\u0219tin\u0103 abordare asociat\u0103 filozofiei platonice \u00een \u0218coala din Alexandria Tiparele biblice au fost transformate \u00een tipare morale care nu aveau nicio leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu oamenii care au tr\u0103it \u00een istorie, bazate pe teoria lumii formelor dup\u0103 Platon. , multe erezii au intrat \u00een biseric\u0103. Cre\u0219tinismul, dintre care cea mai important\u0103 este erezia gnosticilor, care considerau cunoa\u0219terea \u00een Biseric\u0103 ca fiind o cunoa\u0219tere pur teoretic\u0103 a tiparelor morale ideale, neg\u00e2nd astfel \u00centruparea \u0219i continuarea ei \u00een Biseric\u0103 \u00een via\u021ba sacramentelor. P\u0103rin\u021bii Antiohiei s-au ridicat \u00eempotriva acestei erezii, baz\u00e2ndu-se pe carte \u0219i afirm\u00e2nd c\u0103 modelele biblice sunt modele ale biografiilor umane istorice care \u0219i-au c\u00e2\u0219tigat des\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219irea \u00een Hristos, exemplul perfect. Pozi\u021bia apostolilor \u00een primul secol cu privire la Biblie este rezumat\u0103 pentru noi de c\u0103tre apostolul Pavel \u00een scrisoarea sa c\u0103tre Tesaloniceni, spun\u00e2nd: \u201eDeci nu este ca cuv\u00e2ntul oamenilor, ci \u00een adev\u0103r este cuv\u00e2ntul lui Dumnezeu, care lucreaz\u0103 \u0219i \u00een voi cei care crede\u021bi\u201d (1 Tesaloniceni 2:13) Dar \u00eenainte de a exista un text canonic pentru carte, au existat evanghelii \u0219i manuscrise, mul\u021bi au creat o confuzie doctrinar\u0103 \u00een biserica primar\u0103, a\u0219a c\u0103 evanghelistul Luca \u0219i-a \u00eenceput Evanghelia. , de exemplu, spun\u00e2nd: \u201ePentru c\u0103 mul\u021bi \u00eencepuser\u0103 s\u0103 compun\u0103 o poveste \u00een... Lucrurile s\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219ite \u00eentre noi, a\u0219a cum ne-au fost transmise de cei care de la \u00eenceput au fost martori oculari \u0219i slujitori ai cuv\u00e2ntului, m-am g\u00e2ndit \u0219i eu, pentru c\u0103 am trasat cu grij\u0103 totul de la \u00eenceput, s\u0103 vi le notez pe r\u00e2nd. , excelent Teofil, pentru ca tu s\u0103 cuno\u0219ti adev\u0103rul cuvintelor \u00een care ai fost \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat.\u201d (Luca 1:1-4) Trebuie s\u0103 rezum\u0103m etapele de baz\u0103 \u00een stabilirea modului \u00een care \u00een\u021belegem cartea \u00een lumina doctrinei declarate \u00een biseric\u0103 Dac\u0103 vrem s\u0103 ne c\u0103l\u0103uzim dup\u0103 ceea ce au spus p\u0103rin\u021bii \u00een modul de citire a c\u0103r\u021bii pentru a preveni confuzia doctrinar\u0103, g\u0103sim \u00eenceputul. Un r\u0103spuns pentru noi despre pozi\u021bia Bisericii asupra c\u0103r\u021bii \u00een celebra zical\u0103 a Sf\u00e2ntului Irineu: \u201eTrebuie s\u0103 examin\u0103m totul \u0219i s\u0103 ader\u0103m la ceea ce se crede pretutindeni de c\u0103tre toat\u0103 lumea, ceea ce a fost propov\u0103duit de Biserica universal\u0103 \u0219i apostolic\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 peste tot, declar\u00e2nd cel credin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i cu un glas a\u0219a cum a fost primit\u0103 de la sfin\u021bii apostoli \u0219i transmis\u0103 mai departe\u201d. din carte:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Exist\u0103 o regul\u0103 de baz\u0103 a credin\u021bei care este recunoscut\u0103 de toat\u0103 lumea.<\/li>\n
        2. Exist\u0103 continuitate \u00een ac\u021biunea Duhului Sf\u00e2nt \u00een Biseric\u0103, care interpreteaz\u0103 cartea pentru noi prin slujitori consacra\u021bi, \u00eentruc\u00e2t ei constituie tiparele descenden\u021bei apostolice \u00een Biseric\u0103 este reprezentat de slujitorii Cuv\u00e2ntului \u0219i nu se limiteaz\u0103 la ei. Accentul aici este pus pe consensul \u00een \u00een\u021belegerea C\u0103r\u021bii \u0219i consensul \u00een doctrin\u0103 este supus consensului \u00een Duhul prin intermediul unor persoane c\u0103rora li s-a acordat autoritatea de a discerne prin primirea Duhului Sf\u00e2nt \u00een lumina descenden\u021bei apostolice p\u0103strate \u00een comunitatea credincio\u0219ilor. Sf\u00e2ntul Irineu \u00ee\u0219i continu\u0103 cuv\u00e2ntul spun\u00e2nd: \u201eDeterminarea adev\u0103ratei credin\u021be este supus\u0103 a dou\u0103 izvoare de autoritate \u00een Biseric\u0103: primatul Bibliei \u0219i mo\u0219tenirea Bisericii unice catolice \u0219i apostolice. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          De ce acest accent pe descenden\u021ba \u0219i mo\u0219tenirea apostolic\u0103? \u00censu\u0219i Sf\u00e2ntul Irineu r\u0103spunde, spun\u00e2nd: \u201ePentru c\u0103 Cartea, care este standardul nostru de baz\u0103 pentru interpretarea doctrinei, a fost interpretat\u0103 \u00een diferite moduri, p\u00e2n\u0103 la punctul \u00een care a devenit evident c\u0103 teoria tiparelor \u00een explica\u021bie ne sugereaz\u0103 mai multe sensuri care invit\u0103 la confuzie. , p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een punctul \u00een care ni se pare c\u0103 fiecare poate \u00een\u021belege Cartea dup\u0103 cum vrea.\u201d Pentru a preveni confuzia doctrinar\u0103, Sf\u00e2ntul Irineu subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 abordarea interpretativ\u0103 a ceea ce au scris sfin\u021bii profe\u021bi \u0219i apostoli trebuie testat\u0103 \u00een lumina consensului mo\u0219tenirii Bisericii, adic\u0103 \u201eceea ce crede toat\u0103 lumea\u201d, este ghidul nostru de \u00een\u021belegere carte.<\/p>\n

           Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce Biserica s-a confruntat cu \u201emulte pove\u0219ti inventate\u201d, a\u0219a cum spune evanghelistul Luca, \u00een atitudinea sa fa\u021b\u0103 de gnostici \u0219i arieni, a fost pus\u0103 \u00eentrebarea \u00een\u021belegerii corecte a Bibliei.<\/p>\n

          Cum distingem \u00een\u021belegerea corect\u0103 de \u00een\u021belegerea gre\u0219it\u0103 \u0219i cum ajungem la certitudine?<\/span><\/p>\n

          R\u0103spunsul Bisericii este clar \u00een aceast\u0103 privin\u021b\u0103 Cartea este proprietatea Bisericii \u0219i cine vrea s\u0103 creasc\u0103 \u00een credin\u021b\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 se al\u0103ture Bisericii \u0219i nu este \u00eeng\u0103duit oricui dore\u0219te s\u0103 interpreteze Cartea dup\u0103 bunul plac.<\/p>\n

           Cartea trebuie citit\u0103 \u00een compania credin\u021bei, adic\u0103 \u00een compania celor care tr\u0103iesc cartea \u0219i au \u00een\u021beles unitatea scopului divin al istoriei m\u00e2ntuitoare a lui Dumnezeu. Prin credin\u021b\u0103, \u00cel deosebim pe Iisus Hristos \u00een Vechiul Testament, \u00een timp ce citim cartea prin El \u0219i prin cuvintele \u0219i faptele Lui \u00een timp ce El este \u00een trup, iar aceasta ne este p\u0103strat\u0103 prin extinderea unit\u0103\u021bii trupului S\u0103u \u00een istorie, adic\u0103 \u00een biseric\u0103 Acest lucru este confirmat \u0219i de Tertulian \u00een Occident c\u00e2nd a vorbit despre legea credin\u021bei ca regul\u0103 de baz\u0103 pentru \u00een\u021belegerea c\u0103r\u021bii. Ceea ce s-a referit Tertulian, confirm\u00e2nd astfel pozi\u021bia Sf\u00e2ntului Irineu, este un rezumat al doctrinei, a\u0219a cum Biserica s-a angajat s\u0103 o transmit\u0103 fiec\u0103rei persoane care vine la botez.<\/p>\n

          \u00cen\u021belegerea corect\u0103 a C\u0103r\u021bii este, a\u0219adar, legat\u0103 de \u00eent\u00e2lnirea periodic\u0103 cu Domnul \u00een comuniunea sacramentelor, deoarece ne deschide min\u021bile pentru \u00een\u021belegerea C\u0103r\u021bilor. \u00cen\u021belegerea corect\u0103 a C\u0103r\u021bii este legat\u0103 \u0219i de limitarea g\u00e2ndurilor noastre \u00eempr\u0103\u0219tiate la concept a legii de credin\u0163\u0103 a Bisericii rezumat\u0103 \u00een Constitu\u0163ia Credin\u0163ei. A\u0219a cre\u0219tem \u00een cunoa\u0219terea lucrurilor care sunt sigure pentru noi. Via\u021ba noastr\u0103 \u00een Hristos este legat\u0103 de o traducere personal\u0103 a ceea ce a spus Hristos \u0219i a ceea ce apostolii au predicat \u00een lumina legii credin\u021bei declarate \u00een Biseric\u0103 de remarcat aici c\u0103 rug\u0103ciunile liturgice care au fost stabilite pentru serviciul divin au fost \u00een esen\u021b\u0103 ceea ce Biserica a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat despre toate acestea:<\/p>\n

          S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na Mare a fost dedicat\u0103 explic\u0103rii semnifica\u021biei sacramentelor ale\u0219ilor. Avem un manuscris din secolul al IV-lea care dovede\u0219te acest lucru Sf\u00e2ntul Atheros, care a participat la S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na Mare la Ierusalim \u00eenainte de sf\u00e2r\u0219itul secolului al IV-lea, men\u021bioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 episcopul, \u00een ultima sa predic\u0103 c\u0103tre ale\u0219ii dup\u0103 \u00eencheierea slujbei de S\u00e2mb\u0103ta Mare. a spus: \u201ePentru ca tu s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegi semnifica\u021bia botezului t\u0103u \u00een cele opt zile care urmeaz\u0103 Pa\u0219telui, \u021bi se vor explica c\u00e2teva rug\u0103ciuni zilnice \u00een cl\u0103direa bisericii \u0219i e\u0219ti invitat s\u0103 prime\u0219ti \u00een continuare\u201d. temelii ale credin\u021bei mai t\u00e2rziu \u00een fiecare Liturghie Divin\u0103, mai ales \u00een timpul s\u0103rb\u0103torilor Domnului, \u00eentruc\u00e2t etapele istoriei m\u00e2ntuirii vi se explic\u0103 \u00een predicare. Prin urmare, cel mai bun document pentru noi despre metoda Bisericii de interpretare a C\u0103r\u021bii sunt rug\u0103ciunile liturgice care \u00eenso\u021besc via\u021ba de cult a Bisericii, care este o metafor\u0103 a explica\u021biei Bisericii a C\u0103r\u021bii \u00eentr-o minunat\u0103 form\u0103 poetic\u0103 ascetic\u0103 Men\u021bion\u0103m, de exemplu, rug\u0103ciunile \u0219i ritualurile asociate cu botezul care se concentreaz\u0103 pe trei modele biblice care sunt rezumate pentru noi Dimensiunile c\u0103l\u0103toriei noastre spirituale sunt: Adam \u00een Paradis, Noe \u00een chivot \u0219i poporul Israel c\u00e2nd a traversat Marea Ro\u0219ie. Aceste trei modele sunt intrarea noastr\u0103 la o via\u021b\u0103 matur\u0103 \u00een Hristos, iar \u00een rug\u0103ciunea slujirii sacramentului botezului, preotul cere \u00een ultima \u00een\u0103l\u021bare s\u0103 recite catehumenului \u00eenainte de a termina sacramentul botezului: \u201eDoamne Dumnezeule. , fiin\u021b\u0103 ve\u0219nic\u0103, salveaz\u0103 aceast\u0103 crea\u021bie a ta din sclavia vr\u0103jma\u0219ului \u0219i accept\u0103-l \u00een \u00eemp\u0103r\u0103\u021bia ta cereasc\u0103 \u0219i deschide-i ochii min\u021bii pentru ca lumina s\u0103 str\u0103luceasc\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba Ta\u201d \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem cartea ca \u00cel \u00eenso\u021bim pe Domnul \u00eentrupat \u00een mijlocul bisericii adunate \u0219i El str\u0103luce\u0219te \u00een inimile noastre lumina cunoa\u0219terii Evangheliei Sale ori de c\u00e2te ori venim la El \u0219i ne ag\u0103\u021b\u0103m de El. Via\u021ba sacramentelor, a\u0219a cum spune preotul \u00eenainte de a citi Evanghelia \u00een Sf\u00e2nta Liturghie. Citirea Evangheliei \u0219i distribuirea ei credincio\u0219ilor \u00een predicare nu este doar un aranjament formal \u00een rug\u0103ciunea bisericeasc\u0103 s\u0103 auzim Cuv\u00e2ntul \u201eNe al\u0103tur\u0103m bisericii adunate\u201d (1 Corinteni 11:18) \u0219i suntem \u00eendruma\u021bi apoi de preotul care ne \u00eemp\u0103rt\u0103\u0219e\u0219te Evanghelia, declar\u00e2nd c\u0103 Hristos \u00eensu\u0219i este cel care aduce, cel care ofer\u0103. cel care prime\u0219te \u0219i cel care distribuie. Prin urmare, \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea Evangheliei este legat\u0103 de \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea trupului Domnului \u0219i, pentru ca nimeni s\u0103 nu ias\u0103 suspicios, recit\u0103m \u00eempreun\u0103 Constitu\u021bia credin\u021bei, care este standardul nostru pentru \u00een\u021belegerea Evangheliei \u201eS\u0103 \u00eencerc\u0103m totul \u0219i \u021binem cu fermitate ceea ce credem \u00een fiecare loc de la to\u021bi.\u201d Interpretarea corect\u0103 a c\u0103r\u021bii o g\u0103sim exclusiv acolo unde adev\u0103rata credin\u021b\u0103 ne apare \u00een dimensiunea ei tr\u0103it\u0103, adic\u0103 \u00een biseric\u0103\u201d (Tertulian). Poate c\u0103 accentul pus de biserica primar\u0103 pe legea credin\u021bei \u0219i pe via\u021ba sacramental\u0103 ca punct de plecare pentru \u00een\u021belegerea c\u0103r\u021bii ne devine clar \u00eentr-o analogie atribuit\u0103 Sf\u00e2ntului Irineu, care a scris \u00een infirmarea ereziei gnosticilor: \u201eUn singur artist. a pictat un tablou minunat reprezent\u00e2nd un rege purt\u00e2nd o hain\u0103 \u00eemp\u00e2nzit\u0103 cu pietre pre\u021bioase. Apoi a venit un alt b\u0103rbat \u0219i a luat poza, a t\u0103iat-o \u00een buc\u0103\u021bi, apoi a lipit-o, form\u00e2nd un mozaic de buc\u0103\u021bi mici pictura pe care a scos-o f\u0103c\u00e2nd asta reprezenta o imagine a unei vulpi, iar b\u0103rbatul a confirmat c\u0103 pictura sculptat\u0103 era pictura original\u0103. Pentru c\u0103 a folosit acelea\u0219i piese din pictura artistului pentru a o compune, dar pictura original\u0103 se pierduse deja, \u0219i exact asta fac ereticii \u00een textul c\u0103r\u021bii O fragmenteaz\u0103 \u0219i pierd rela\u021bia de baz\u0103 care reprezint\u0103 imaginea de scopul m\u00e2ntuitor al lui Dumnezeu \u00een carte. Apoi, ei reconstruiesc cuvintele \u0219i propozi\u021biile nu dup\u0103 imaginea original\u0103, ci mai degrab\u0103 dup\u0103 imaginea lui Dumnezeu indus \u00een eroare de inven\u021bia lor.\u201d cartea ne este p\u0103strat\u0103 \u00een Constitu\u021bia credin\u021bei. Prin urmare, fiecare credincios care se bazeaz\u0103 pe credin\u021ba sa \u0219i tr\u0103ie\u0219te prin ea \u00een p\u0103rt\u0103\u0219ia Bisericii poate g\u0103si rela\u021bia dintre texte \u0219i propozi\u021biile scrise \u00een a\u0219a fel \u00eenc\u00e2t. \u00cen \u00een\u021belegerea sa, el nu se abate de la forma original\u0103 \u0219i, pentru a-\u0219i continua \u00een\u021belegerea f\u0103r\u0103 confuzie, trebuie s\u0103-\u0219i purifice constant mintea de confuzia dorin\u021belor \u0219i a vie\u021bii cotidiene, angaj\u00e2ndu-se \u00een practica misterelor.<\/p>\n

          \u201eSlav\u0103 \u021bie, o, Manifestare a Luminii... \u00eenaintea ta este ochiul vie\u021bii \u0219i prin lumina ta vedem lumina Ceea ce spunem \u00een Marea Magdalen\u0103 rezum\u0103 pentru noi calea adev\u0103ratei cunoa\u0219teri care este revelat\u0103 \u00een Hristos.\u201d ader\u0103m la el \u00een via\u021ba sacramentelor \u0219i aceasta este ceea ce ne simplific\u0103 Sf\u00e2ntul Ignatie al Antiohiei \u00een scrisoarea sa c\u0103tre poporul din Filadelfia Ad\u0103postul \u0219i stabilitatea mea c\u00e2nd vine vorba de discern\u0103m\u00e2ntul doctrinei este Evanghelia, care este Isus Hristos \u00censu\u0219i \u00een trup. Unii dintre ei \u00eemi spun: \u201eCred \u00een ceea ce este scris\u201d, iar apoi le r\u0103spund cu ceea ce este scris pentru mine, care este Isus Hristos. Ceea ce nu exist\u0103 nicio \u00eendoial\u0103 este crucificarea lui, morm\u00e2ntul s\u0103u, \u00eenvierea lui \u0219i credin\u021ba pe care o \u00eenviaz\u0103 \u0219i o confirm\u0103 \u00een mine prin Duhul S\u0103u Sf\u00e2nt. Aceasta este Evanghelia mea \u0219i aceasta este ceea ce am citit \u00een carte. apoi, pentru p\u0103rin\u021bii primelor secole, este \u00een primul r\u00e2nd o baz\u0103 pentru explicarea c\u0103r\u021bii. Cartea este citit\u0103 corect \u0219i bine \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 \u00een lumina mo\u0219tenirii apostolice vie, adic\u0103 cartea este \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 a\u0219a cum este tr\u0103it\u0103 existen\u021bial \u00een biseric\u0103. Aceasta nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 mo\u0219tenirea adaug\u0103 ceva la ceea ce este consemnat \u00een textul scris. ci mai degrab\u0103 c\u0103 ofer\u0103 cadrul clar prin care se ive\u0219te inten\u021bia c\u0103r\u021bii \u0219i astfel revela\u021bia divin\u0103 este \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 \u00een forma sa cea mai deplin\u0103 \u00een Isus Hristos.<\/p>\n

          P\u0103rintele Mary Malek Debs
          Despre Revista Mo\u0219tenirea Ortodox\u0103<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":3449,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"603,489,1155,1021,1185,1914,1912,1153,2845,2702,1911,552","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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