{"id":799,"date":"2009-02-28T18:03:36","date_gmt":"2009-02-28T18:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/church-history\/historical-studies\/the-cross\/"},"modified":"2009-02-28T18:03:36","modified_gmt":"2009-02-28T18:03:36","slug":"the-cross","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/tr\/church-history\/historical-studies\/the-cross\/","title":{"rendered":"Arap H\u0131ristiyanlar aras\u0131nda \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilme"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ha\u00e7, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en belirgin \u00f6zelli\u011fi ve sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. H\u0131ristiyanlar ha\u00e7la gurur duyarlar ve onu boyunlar\u0131na ve evlerinin kap\u0131 e\u015fiklerine takarlar. Dua ederken, yemek yerken, d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karken, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 her eylemde Allah'a g\u00fcvenip g\u00fcvendiklerinde y\u00fczlerine ha\u00e7 \u00e7ekerler. \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, araba kullanmak... Bug\u00fcn de durum b\u00f6yle ama \u0130slam devletinin \u00fclkemizde hakim oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde durum nas\u0131ld\u0131? M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ha\u00e7 konusunda H\u0131ristiyanlara nas\u0131l davran\u0131yorlard\u0131?<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cha\u00e7 dini\u201d, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 da \u201cha\u00e7\u0131n takip\u00e7ileri\u201d ve \u201cha\u00e7\u0131n tapanlar\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlarlard\u0131; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ha\u00e7\u0131n da di\u011fer t\u00fcm putlar gibi tap\u0131n\u0131lacak bir put oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlard\u0131. . Rum Ortodoks Patri\u011fi'ne "Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Tarikat\u0131 \u015eefi" unvan\u0131 verilirken, baz\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan kral ve prenslere de "Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Tarikat\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fczelli\u011fi", "Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Tarikat\u0131n\u0131n Hazinesi" ve "Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Tarikat\u0131n\u0131n Hazinesi" unvanlar\u0131 verildi. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Tarikat\u0131.\u201d\u2026<\/p>\n

\u0130slami hukuk kitaplar\u0131, \u0130slam hukukunun H\u0131ristiyanlara dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131, halka a\u00e7\u0131k yerlerde ha\u00e7 sergilenmesinin yasaklanmas\u0131 gibi, ya\u015f \u015fart\u0131 olarak bilinen kat\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131 ikinci Halife \u00d6mer ibn el-Hattab'a atfediyor. Ancak ilim adamlar\u0131, bu \u015fartlar\u0131n Hz. \u00d6mer'den \u00e7ok sonra konuldu\u011fu ve \u0130slam'daki \u00f6nemi nedeniyle kendisine atfedildi\u011fi ve \u0130slam tarihinin \u00d6mer'i bu \u015fartlardan temize \u00e7\u0131karan rivayetlerle dolu oldu\u011fu konusunda hemfikirdir. Halid bin Velid baz\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan \u00fclkelerden ge\u00e7erken onlara \u201ckiliselerini ve kiliselerini y\u0131kmamalar\u0131, namaz vakitleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda diledikleri zaman \u00e7anlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7almamalar\u0131 ve bayram g\u00fcnlerinde ha\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131karmamalar\u0131\u201d vaadinde bulunmu\u015ftu. .\u201d Ebu El-Faraj El-\u0130sfahani, El-H\u00e2ris bin Eb\u00ee Rabi'ah'\u0131n (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) annesinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle ilgili \u015fu anlat\u0131m\u0131 aktard\u0131: "O \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, soylular onun cenazesine kat\u0131ld\u0131lar ve bu, \u00d6mer bin El'in h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131ndayd\u0131. -Hattab. Al-Harith kad\u0131nlardan bir karga\u015fa duydu ve haberi sordu, onun bir H\u0131ristiyan olarak \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve boynunda ha\u00e7 bulundu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendi. Bu s\u0131rr\u0131 saklad\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. halka seslendi ve \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: "Gidin, Allah size merhamet etsin, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun kendisine bizden ve sizden daha lay\u0131k dindarlar\u0131 var." Bu onun taraf\u0131ndan iyi kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131 ve insanlar onun yapt\u0131klar\u0131na hayran kald\u0131lar.\u201d Bu tasdik bir \u015feye i\u015faret ediyorsa, o da \u0130slam'\u0131n ilk d\u00f6neminde ahl\u00e2k\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131na, nefsin a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131na, H\u0131ristiyanlara kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131na i\u015farettir.<\/p>\n

Hatta H\u0131ristiyanlar, Palmiye Pazar\u0131 ve Paskalya gibi baz\u0131 bayram kutlamalar\u0131nda da ellerinde ha\u00e7larla pazarlarda dola\u015fmaktan ve kiliselerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ha\u00e7larla dola\u015fmaktan vazge\u00e7memi\u015flerdi. \u00dcnl\u00fc \u015fair Ebu Navas'\u0131n \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015fiiri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Meryem'in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle, Paskalya'da ve eski \u015farab\u0131n sunulmas\u0131yla
Ve ha\u00e7lar, parlakl\u0131kla par\u0131ldad\u0131klar\u0131nda par\u0131ldayan m\u0131zraklar taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor<\/p>\n

\u201cMart\u201d kelimesi S\u00fcryanice olup han\u0131mefendi anlam\u0131na gelen \u201cmar\u201d kelimesinin di\u015fil hali anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

El-Servani'nin bir \u015fiiri var ki \u015f\u00f6yle diyor:<\/p>\n

Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc Christian Palm'a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k ve Katolik Ha\u00e7\u0131'n\u0131n cenazesini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdik<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Kud\u00fcs H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n\u0131n Palm Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, ha\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131yarak okumalar ve dualarla Kud\u00fcs \u015fehrini tavaf etmeleri me\u015fhurdu.<\/p>\n

Abbasi Halifesi El-M\u00fctevekkil (MS 861'de \u00f6ld\u00fc), H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in emir veren ilk ki\u015fiydi. Onun yasaklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, onlar\u0131n avu\u00e7lar\u0131na ha\u00e7 koymamalar\u0131 da vard\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda onlar\u0131n mum (S\u00fcryanice bir kelime) yakmas\u0131n\u0131 da yasaklad\u0131. yolu ate\u015fe vermek anlam\u0131na gelir). \u015eairlerin \u015fiirlerinde zikrederek \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczle\u015ftirdi\u011fi bu kutlamalara Me'mun gibi baz\u0131 halifeler ve baz\u0131 devlet adamlar\u0131 da kat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonrad\u0131r. Mesela Ebu Navas \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

Ve Palm Pazar g\u00fcnleri ve H\u0131ristiyan alevi yolda<\/p>\n

Ve (el-Cahiz olmayan) \u015fair Jahaza:<\/p>\n

Rahip sessizli\u011finden sonra konu\u015fursa ve piskoposun \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6nerse ve bir fitil ate\u015flenirse<\/p>\n

H\u0131ristiyanlara zulmetmesiyle \u00fcnl\u00fc ikinci h\u00fck\u00fcmdar, MS 4001 y\u0131l\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n "Palmiye Pazar\u0131'nda kiliselerin dekorasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 sergilemelerini engelleme emrini veren Fat\u0131mi h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131yd\u0131 ve onlara kar\u015f\u0131 sert davrand\u0131 ve onlardan bir grubu d\u00f6vd\u00fc." Kiliselerin dekorasyonundan kastedilen ha\u00e7lar, \u0130nciller, ikonalar, mumlar ve di\u011fer kutsal emanetlerdir. Sonra ha\u00e7\u0131n halka sergilenmesini engelleyen de oydu ve tarih\u00e7i Yahya bin Saeed Al-Antaki bu konuda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cH\u00fck\u00fcmdar, ha\u00e7 g\u00f6sterilmemesini, ona g\u00f6z dikilmemesini ve hi\u00e7bir \u00e7an\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131nmamas\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015fti. Bunun i\u00e7in kiliselerdeki ha\u00e7lar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ma\u011fazalar\u0131n, kiliselerin ve tap\u0131naklar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f cephelerindeki izlerin silinmesi gerekiyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130slam'dan \u00f6nce H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n sembol\u00fc ve inanc\u0131n\u0131n simgesi olarak ha\u00e7\u0131 boyunlar\u0131na takma gelene\u011fi hakimdi. Bu gelenek, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 \u00fclkenin di\u011fer sakinlerinden ay\u0131ran bir \u00f6zellik olarak kabul edildi\u011finden \u0130slam'dan sonra da devam etti. Ebu Nawas \u015f\u00f6yle diyor:<\/p>\n

Ha\u00e7 iyilikte bir alfabe olu\u015fturdu, bu y\u00fczden onu her alfabeye tercih etti<\/p>\n

Elf, edindi\u011fin yolda\u015f ve arkada\u015ft\u0131r. H\u0131ristiyanlar da \u015farap kadehleri dahil t\u00fcm e\u015fyalar\u0131na ha\u00e7 koyarlar ve \u015fair \u0130bn Hamdis bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n

Boynunda ha\u00e7la bir ke\u015fi\u015fin elinde serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131<\/p>\n

Halife M\u00fctevekkil ve ondan sonra da Allah'\u0131n emriyle Hakim, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 boyunlar\u0131na d\u00f6rt a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tahta bir ha\u00e7 takmaya zorlayana kadar, ha\u00e7 bir l\u00fctuf ve \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak boyunlar\u0131nda kald\u0131. pound, El-Hakim'in h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde ise be\u015f pound oldu\u011fu s\u00f6yleniyordu. El-Hakim ayr\u0131ca ha\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p yak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da emretti.<\/p>\n

Ha\u00e7\u0131n H\u0131ristiyanlarla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sayg\u0131 ve sevgi ili\u015fkisinin bir i\u015fareti ya da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama ve sayg\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla lekelenmi\u015f gergin bir ili\u015fkinin i\u015fareti haline gelmesinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman y\u00f6neticilerin ruh halleri oynad\u0131. H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n kaderi, ha\u00e7\u0131 sevginin, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z fedakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z vermenin bir arac\u0131 haline getiren Rableri Mesih gibi olmakt\u0131r. Ha\u00e7 bir lanet arac\u0131 olduktan sonra, Mesih'in kan\u0131 onlar\u0131n kurtulu\u015funun bir arac\u0131 haline geldi. Zul\u00fcm g\u00f6ren bu H\u0131ristiyanlar, El\u00e7i Pavlus'la birlikte \u015funu s\u00f6yleyeceklerini sand\u0131lar: "Rabbimiz \u0130sa Mesih'in \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6v\u00fcnmek bana uzak olsun" (Galatyal\u0131lar 6:14).<\/p>\n

Mahalle b\u00fcltenim hakk\u0131nda
9 Eyl\u00fcl 2001 Pazar
Say\u0131 36<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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