{"id":518,"date":"2009-02-20T16:54:01","date_gmt":"2009-02-20T16:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/saints-and-fathers\/alef\/ephraim-the-syrian\/"},"modified":"2009-02-20T16:54:01","modified_gmt":"2009-02-20T16:54:01","slug":"ephraim-the-syrian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/en\/saints-and-fathers\/alef\/ephraim-the-syrian\/","title":{"rendered":"Ephrem the Syrian - Ephrem the Syrian"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"SaintEphrem the Syrian, or Ephrem the Syrian, or Ephrem of Nisibis, or Ephrem of Edessa, nicknamed \u201cthe lyre of the Holy Spirit,\u201d is the most prominent Syriac-speaking father of the Orthodox Church and the greatest church poet in Syriac literature. Ephrem was born around the year 306 in the city of Nisibis in Mesopotamia. We do not know anything about his family, as some confirm that it was Christian, while others exclude this, confirming that his father was a pagan priest and that Ephrem converted to Christianity as a young man and became a disciple of Jacob, the bishop of his city, and gained from his knowledge and companionship.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jacob ordained him an evangelical deacon, and he spent his entire life as a deacon, preaching, teaching, and singing the most wonderful hymns and religious poetry. He left Nisibis after it fell into the hands of the Persians in the year 363 and lived in Edessa (Odessa in Greek or Urfa) until his death in the year 373, which was an important Christian and cultural center, as the Greek and Syriac cultures met there. In Edessa, he served the church as a deacon, a preacher who interpreted the Holy Bible, a theologian who fought heretics, a poet who composed spiritual hymns, and a solitary ascetic when he had the opportunity. Ephrem died after contracting the epidemic that ravaged the people of the Edessa region. The church celebrates his memory on January 28.<\/p>\n

\"SaintHis most important works are, without a doubt, the many spiritual hymns and chants he composed. In this regard, it is difficult to cover all of Ephrem\u2019s works and distinguish what is authentic from what is attributed to him. It is worth noting that there are two main types of poetry in Syriac: the meme and the midrash. The meme is a poem that is read but not chanted, and its verses come in a single pattern of stanzas. The verses of the meme may reach thousands of verses, so the meme can carry diverse educational material. As for the midrash, it is a poem that is chanted and its verses are limited. Ephrem excelled in both types, and in his meme and midrash he was the tongue of the Orthodox faith.<\/p>\n

Ephrem\u2019s proven poems and hymns include: 65 Midrash \u201cAgainst Heresies\u201d in which the author attacked the delusions of astrologers (whose deceptions are still being pursued by the people of the twenty-first century) and some heretics; 78 hymns \u201cOn Faith\u201d in which he attacked the Arians who denied the divinity of Christ, including 51 hymns on Paradise in which he sings of the splendor of heaven; 12 hymns \u201cOn Unleavened Bread\u201d in which he celebrates the sufferings and resurrection of Christ; 25 hymns \u201cOn the Church\u201d and 15 hymns \u201cOn Virginity,\u201d and others on the crucifixion and fasting.<\/p>\n

Saint Ephrem is famous for being the author of the prayer of repentance that accompanies us in all the prayers of Lent. Because of its importance, we quote it in full:<\/p>\n

\u201cO Lord and Master of my life, free me from the spirit of idleness and curiosity, the love of authority and idle talk, and grant me, your sinful servant, the spirit of chastity, humility of mind, patience and love. Yes, my King and God, grant me to know my sins and faults, and not to judge my brothers, for you are blessed forever, Amen.\u201d<\/p>\n

This prayer, after the \u201cOur Father,\u201d is a model prayer, as it sums up everything that the believer can pray and ask of God. Saint Ephrem requested in his will: \u201cThirty days after my death, you offer the Holy Sacrifice for me, because the dead benefit from the sacrifices offered by the living.\u201d The Mass unites the dead and the living, as there are no dead in Christ. Through the intercessions of Saint Ephrem, who is alive with you, O Lord Jesus, have mercy on us and save us.<\/p>\n

Ephrem\u2019s hymns were not only rich in poetic imagery, but were also profound in theology and doctrine. For example, he says that paradise was restored to humanity in the Church, which is more splendid and more beautiful than the Garden of Eden, of which it was only an image: \u201cOn the one hand, God planted the splendid paradise, and on the other hand, he built the pure Church.\u201d Ephrem sang to Christ as the new Adam who reopened paradise, saying: \u201cBlessed is he who opened paradise by his cross\u201d and \u201cBlessed is he who made Adam glad,\u201d and also: \u201cBlessed is he who freed us lest his likeness should be taken captive\u201d and \u201cBlessed is he who delivered us from captivity.\u201d He also said: \u201cBlessed is he who opened with his keys the paradise of life.\u201d The Church celebrates him on the twenty-eighth of January.<\/p>\n

Troparion<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

For the barren wilderness you fed with the streams of your tears, and with the sighs from the depths you bore fruit with your labors a hundredfold. You became a star for the inhabited world, shining with wonders, O our righteous father Ephraim, so intercede with Christ God to save our souls.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":516,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"2785,2590,552,5200,644,2783,2716,1155,1914,2784,2623,2780","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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