{"id":2261,"date":"2010-05-15T11:27:23","date_gmt":"2010-05-15T11:27:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/orthodox-library\/faith-and-doctrine\/ammunition-orthodoxy\/chapter-xxiii-the-holy-icons\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T01:43:44","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:43:44","slug":"chapter-xxiii-the-holy-icons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/fr\/orthodox-library\/faith-and-doctrine\/basic-dogmatic-teaching\/chapter-xxiii-the-holy-icons\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapitre vingt-trois - Ic\u00f4nes saintes"},"content":{"rendered":"

A - L'interdiction de l'Ancien Testament<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Il \u00e9tait interdit aux gens de l\u2019Ancien Testament de fabriquer et d\u2019adorer des idoles : \u00ab Tu ne te feras aucune image taill\u00e9e, ni aucune ressemblance de quoi que ce soit de ce qui est dans les cieux en haut, ou de ce qui est sur la terre en bas, ou de ce qui est dans les eaux. sous la terre, ne les incarnez pas et ne les adorez pas, car je suis l\u2019\u00c9ternel, votre Dieu pour Dieu. \u00ab Jaloux, je punis l\u2019iniquit\u00e9 des p\u00e8res sur les enfants \u00bb (Exode 20\u00a0:\u00a04-5). \u00ab Ne vous tournez pas vers les idoles et ne vous faites pas de dieux en fusion. Je suis l'\u00c9ternel, votre Dieu \u00bb (L\u00e9v 19, 4). \u00ab Vous ne vous ferez pas d'idoles, ni d'images taill\u00e9es, vous n'\u00e9rigerez aucun monument, et vous ne ferez aucune pierre orn\u00e9e dans votre pays pour en faire une incarnation, car je suis l'\u00c9ternel, votre Dieu \u00bb ; (L\u00e9vitique 26\u00a0:\u00a01). Comment interpr\u00e9tons-nous ces versets ?<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Certains h\u00e9r\u00e9tiques s\u00e9parent la premi\u00e8re partie de ces versets de la seconde et d\u00e9forment son interpr\u00e9tation. Mais il est clair que le poids principal du sens r\u00e9side dans la derni\u00e8re phrase : \u00ab Je suis l\u2019\u00c9ternel, votre Dieu \u00bb. Ces versets veulent d\u00e9clarer que le seul vrai Dieu est le Dieu d'Isra\u00ebl, et non les dieux des nations pa\u00efennes : \u00ab B\u00e9ni soit l'\u00c9ternel, le Dieu d'Isra\u00ebl, d'\u00e9ternit\u00e9 en \u00e9ternit\u00e9, et que tout le peuple dise : 'Amen. Louez le Seigneur' \u00bb (1 Chroniques 16\u00a0:26). \u00ab Car tous les dieux des peuples ne valent rien, mais c'est l'\u00c9ternel qui a cr\u00e9\u00e9 les cieux \u00bb (Psaume 95\u00a0:\u00a05). \u00ab Je suis le premier et le dernier, et hors moi il n\u2019y a pas de dieu \u00bb (\u00c9sa\u00efe 44\u00a0:\u00a06). Par cons\u00e9quent, il \u00e9tait interdit aux Isra\u00e9lites de fabriquer ou d\u2019adorer les dieux des nations : \u00ab Vous ne vous prosternerez pas devant leurs dieux, vous ne les servirez pas et vous ne ferez pas selon leurs \u0153uvres, mais vous les d\u00e9truirez et vous d\u00e9truirez leurs monuments en pi\u00e8ces. \u00bb Et tu serviras l\u2019\u00c9ternel, ton Dieu seul \u00bb (Exode 23\u00a0:24). Violer ce commandement entra\u00eenerait des cons\u00e9quences d\u00e9sastreuses pour le peuple isra\u00e9lite (3 Rois 9\u00a0:6-7), car il s'agit d'un crime passible de mort (Exode 22\u00a0:20, Deut\u00e9ronome 17\u00a0:2-7), m\u00eame pour ceux qui incitent les autres. pour le faire (Deut\u00e9ronome 13\u00a0:6-11).<\/p>\n

L\u2019adoration d\u2019un Dieu unique ne laisse aucune place aux \u00ab autres dieux et aux idoles \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8res \u00bb (3 Rois 9\u00a0:6-9, 14\u00a0:9-10, Josu\u00e9 23\u00a0:15-16, 1 Rois 7\u00a0:3, 8\u00a0:8, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 1). :16, 2:27, Mal 2:11), le Dieu d'Isra\u00ebl est \u00ab jaloux \u00bb : \u00ab Ils m'ont provoqu\u00e9 \u00e0 la jalousie contre celui qui n'est pas Dieu, et ils m'ont irrit\u00e9 par leurs vanit\u00e9s. Et je les rendrai jaloux aupr\u00e8s de ceux qui ne sont pas un peuple, aupr\u00e8s des gens insens\u00e9s que je mettrai en col\u00e8re. 15). Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 son unit\u00e9 \u00e0 travers le nom qu'il a donn\u00e9 \u00e0 Mo\u00efse : \u00ab Je suis Celui qui est \u00bb (Exode 3\u00a0:\u00a014). Dans le texte h\u00e9breu (ehje aser ehje), qui indique ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de le verbe (haja), signifiant \u00ab je suis \u00bb, \u00ab je suis \u00bb, \u00ab je suis \u00bb. Ce nom d\u00e9clare alors l\u2019existence absolue de Dieu et qu\u2019Il est la v\u00e9ritable existence et la vraie vie (J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 2\u00a0:\u00a013). C'est lui qui a fait sortir son peuple d'Egypte et \u00e0 lui reviendront la gloire et l'adoration. Il est le seul Dieu, et tous les autres \u00ab ne sont pas des dieux \u00bb (Deut\u00e9ronome 32\u00a0:21, 1 Rois 12\u00a0:21, 2 Rois 19\u00a0:18, 2 Chroniques 13\u00a0:9, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 2\u00a0:11, 5\u00a0:7), c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire , ils n'existent pas. Ils ne doivent pas \u00eatre glorifi\u00e9s ou ador\u00e9s. \u00ab Je suis l'\u00c9ternel, et ceci est mon nom ; et je ne donnerai pas ma gloire \u00e0 un autre, ni aux images taill\u00e9es ma louange \u00bb (\u00c9sa\u00efe 42\u00a0:\u00a08).<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 ces s\u00e9v\u00e8res avertissements, le danger de l'idol\u00e2trie, pour un peuple entour\u00e9 de paganisme de toutes parts, \u00e9tait grand et tentant. Nous ne devons pas oublier que le peuple isra\u00e9lien a sombr\u00e9 dans la d\u00e9sob\u00e9issance \u00e0 plusieurs reprises, fabriquant et adorant des idoles au lieu du vrai Dieu. La Sainte Bible d\u00e9crit cette d\u00e9sob\u00e9issance en de nombreux endroits : (Exode 32\u00a0:\u00a04-5, 3 Rois 12\u00a0:\u00a028, Juges 2\u00a0:\u00a013, 3\u00a0:\u00a06, 4\u00a0:\u00a01, 10\u00a0:\u00a016, 1 Macca 1\u00a0:\u00a015... etc .), notamment par la bouche des proph\u00e8tes qui ont averti avec des ch\u00e2timents terribles pour les d\u00e9sob\u00e9issants (Os\u00e9e 2\u00a0:\u00a07-15, Isa\u00efe 40\u00a0:\u00a019-20, 46\u00a0: 1-7, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 2:5-13, 2:27-28, 10:1-16, 16:20...etc.).<\/p>\n

Il fallait donc continuer \u00e0 rappeler ce danger et souligner le devoir d\u2019adorer le Dieu Unique : \u00ab Gardez-vous plut\u00f4t d\u2019oublier l\u2019\u00c9ternel qui vous a fait sortir du pays d\u2019\u00c9gypte, la maison de l\u2019esclavage. tu craindras l'\u00c9ternel, ton Dieu, et tu le serviras et tu jureras par son nom... Ne suis pas d'autres dieux que les dieux des nations qui t'entourent, car l'\u00c9ternel, ton Dieu, est un Dieu jaloux parmi toi, de peur que la col\u00e8re ne s'abatte sur toi. que l'\u00c9ternel, ton Dieu, soit trop grand contre toi et te d\u00e9truise de la surface de la terre... \u00bb (Deut\u00e9ronome 6\u00a0:\u00a013-15). \u00ab Ceux qui se confiaient aux images taill\u00e9es, qui disaient aux images de fonte : \u00ab Vous \u00eates nos dieux \u00bb, se sont retourn\u00e9s et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 honteux \u00bb (\u00c9sa\u00efe 42\u00a0:\u00a017).<\/p>\n

\u00ab Mais comme une femme trompe son mari, ainsi vous m'avez tromp\u00e9, famille d'Isra\u00ebl, dit l'\u00c9ternel. Une voix se fit entendre dans les collines, un cri de supplication de la part des enfants d'Isra\u00ebl, parce qu'ils s'\u00e9taient \u00e9gar\u00e9s et avaient oubli\u00e9 l'\u00c9ternel, leur Dieu. Revenez, fils apostats, et je gu\u00e9rirai vos apostasies. Ici, nous venons \u00e0 toi, que tu es le Seigneur notre Dieu. Car les collines et la multitude des montagnes sont fausses, mais le salut d\u2019Isra\u00ebl est dans l\u2019\u00c9ternel notre Dieu \u00bb (J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 3\u00a0:20-23).<\/p>\n

B - Les outils du culte dans l'Ancien Testament<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Dieu a interdit le culte des idoles, mais il a ordonn\u00e9 aux gens de l\u2019Ancien Testament de fabriquer certains outils, de les utiliser dans son culte et de leur donner honneur et appr\u00e9ciation. Dieu ordonna \u00e0 Mo\u00efse d'enregistrer ses paroles sur des \u00ab tables de pierre \u00bb (Exode 34\u00a0:1) et lui expliqua - jusque dans les moindres d\u00e9tails - comment fabriquer l'arche de l'alliance (Exode 25\u00a0:9-21), l'offrande table (Exode 25\u00a0:22-29), et l'autel (Exode 27\u00a0:1-8, 30\u00a0:1-10), le bassin d'airain (Exode 30\u00a0:17-21) et le tabernacle ou tabernacle du t\u00e9moignage (Exode 26 : 1-37) et d'autres (voir Exode 35:11...etc.). De plus, Dieu ordonna de faire deux ch\u00e9rubins avec leurs bras \u00e9tendus sur le bassin (Exode 25\u00a0:17-19, voir H\u00e9b. 9\u00a0:5), et deux grands ch\u00e9rubins sur le Saint des Saints dans le Temple de Salomon (3 Rois 6 :23-28, voir 2 Chroniques 3:10-12). 5:8, \u00c9z\u00e9chiel 9:3, 10:2, etc.). Diverses figures de dix vaches en cuivre, statues de lions et autres statues grav\u00e9es (1 Rois 7, 2 Chroniques 4:3, etc.).<\/p>\n

Cela indique que lorsque Dieu a command\u00e9 : \u00ab Ne te fais pas d\u2019idole ou d\u2019image \u00bb, Il n\u2019a pas interdit l\u2019utilisation d\u2019outils pour le culte. Le culte des idoles \u00e9tait interdit, mais les symboles, outils et moyens utilis\u00e9s pour adorer Dieu ne l\u2019\u00e9taient pas, car les gens ne les adorent pas et ne les honorent pas pour \u00ab eux-m\u00eames \u00bb, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire ind\u00e9pendamment de leur relation avec le Dieu vivant. , \u00e0 qui le culte appartient seul. \u00ab Ceux qui se confiaient dans les images taill\u00e9es se sont retourn\u00e9s, qui disent aux images en fonte : \u00ab Vous \u00eates nos dieux \u00bb \u00bb (\u00c9sa\u00efe 42\u00a0:\u00a017).<\/p>\n

C - Le fondement christologique des ic\u00f4nes des saints<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Dieu est apparu dans l'Ancien Testament \u00e0 travers des actions divines incr\u00e9\u00e9es et a parl\u00e9 par la bouche des proph\u00e8tes (Actes 3\u00a0:21, 2 Tim 3\u00a0:16, 1 Pierre 1\u00a0:10-12, 2 Pierre 1\u00a0:21). Dans le Nouveau Testament, la Parole de Dieu s\u2019est incarn\u00e9e et \u00ab a habit\u00e9 parmi nous, et nous avons vu sa gloire \u00bb (Jean 1\u00a0:\u00a014). Autrement dit, le P\u00e8re lui-m\u00eame est apparu aux humains dans la personne du Fils (Jean 14\u00a0:\u00a09) et a \u00e9tabli une relation personnelle avec nous, afin que nous puissions repr\u00e9senter Dieu dans la personne du Christ. \u00c0 ce sujet, saint Jean de Damas dit : \u00ab Dans l\u2019Antiquit\u00e9, il n\u2019\u00e9tait pas possible de repr\u00e9senter Dieu, car il n\u2019avait pas pris de corps ni de forme. Mais maintenant, apr\u00e8s que Dieu est apparu dans la chair et a v\u00e9cu avec les hommes, je repr\u00e9sente Dieu que je peux voir et qui est devenu mat\u00e9riel pour moi. Je ne cesserai jamais de respecter la substance par laquelle mon salut s\u2019est achev\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Saint Th\u00e9odore le Studite explique : \u00ab Nous ne repr\u00e9sentons pas la nature du Christ, mais plut\u00f4t la personne du Christ, qui est l'image du Dieu invisible \u00bb (voir Col. 1\u00a0:15, 2 Corinthiens 4\u00a0:4, Sagesse de Salomon 7). :26). Cette image est un signe visible de la pr\u00e9sence invisible de Dieu et une confirmation de cette pr\u00e9sence (Voir 14\u00a0:9). Par cons\u00e9quent, la v\u00e9n\u00e9ration des ic\u00f4nes repose sur les doctrines salvatrices de foi les plus importantes, qui sont l\u2019incarnation du Christ et sa v\u00e9ritable pr\u00e9sence parmi nous. Lorsque nous honorons des ic\u00f4nes, nous d\u00e9clarons notre croyance en la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 de l\u2019incarnation et de l\u2019incarnation du Christ. L'ic\u00f4ne, qui est une reconnaissance de l'incarnation de Dieu dans le Christ, nous am\u00e8ne au mod\u00e8le. C'est-\u00e0-dire au Christ lui-m\u00eame.<\/p>\n

L'ic\u00f4ne exprime \u00e9galement le profond d\u00e9sir de l'homme pour le Christ, le Dieu incarn\u00e9, et constitue une forte motivation pour que l'homme revienne \u00e0 Lui. Ainsi, nous r\u00e9alisons le grand danger qui court celui qui nie honorer les saintes ic\u00f4nes, car ce faisant, il nie l'incarnation du Christ et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de la gestion divine. Celui qui refuse de repr\u00e9senter Celui qui \u00ab a habit\u00e9 parmi nous \u00bb et \u00ab nous avons vu sa gloire \u00bb (Jean 1\u00a0:\u00a014) a ni\u00e9 l\u2019\u00c9glise, qui est le corps du Christ, son caract\u00e8re divino-humain et sa capacit\u00e9 d\u2019offrir le salut aux homme.<\/p>\n

Le rejet de l'ic\u00f4ne, c'est-\u00e0-dire du t\u00e9moignage visible et tangible de l'incarnation du Christ et de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 du salut de l'homme dans l'envie du Christ, a des cons\u00e9quences destructrices pour l'homme. C\u2019est pourquoi notre \u00c9glise consid\u00e8re que la foi orthodoxe inclut le culte des ic\u00f4nes et appelle le premier dimanche du Car\u00eame, au cours duquel elle comm\u00e9more l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation des saintes ic\u00f4nes, \u00ab dimanche orthodoxe \u00bb. Par cons\u00e9quent, personne ne peut se pr\u00e9tendre orthodoxe s\u2019il n\u2019honore pas les ic\u00f4nes.<\/p>\n

Mais cela ne veut pas dire que les orthodoxes confondent l\u2019image avec l\u2019original et adorent le bois et les couleurs qui composent l\u2019image, plut\u00f4t que Dieu, qui est l\u2019original et le mod\u00e8le. L'ic\u00f4ne est le \u00ab signe \u00bb ou le \u00ab signe \u00bb et non la personne qui y est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e. C\u2019est pourquoi saint Jean de Damas dit : \u00ab L\u00e0 o\u00f9 est le signe, l\u00e0 est aussi le propri\u00e9taire de l\u2019image. \u00bb Nous honorons l\u2019image, et ne lui donnons jamais le statut de son propri\u00e9taire. Al-Dimashqi lui-m\u00eame a mentionn\u00e9 que \u00ab quiconque divinisera l\u2019image sera maudit \u00bb (voir \u00c9sa\u00efe 42\u00a0:\u00a017). C\u2019est l\u2019enseignement de notre \u00c9glise, tel que formul\u00e9 par le septi\u00e8me Concile \u0153cum\u00e9nique : \u00ab Nous embrassons les ic\u00f4nes, nous nous prosternons devant elles et les honorons, mais le v\u00e9ritable culte n\u2019est digne que de la nature divine. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Celui qui adore les saintes ic\u00f4nes au lieu de Dieu a mal interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 la d\u00e9cision du Concile \u0153cum\u00e9nique et s\u2019est expos\u00e9 \u00e0 la condamnation des paroles de la Sainte Bible, parce qu\u2019il se prosterne \u00ab devant des idoles d\u2019or, d\u2019argent, d\u2019airain, de pierre et de bois \u00bb ( Apocalypse 9\u00a0:20), qui sont \u00ab fabriqu\u00e9s par des mains humaines \u00bb. Ils ont une bouche mais ne parlent pas. Il a des yeux mais ne voit pas. Elle a des oreilles mais n'entend pas. Ils ont du nez et ne sentent pas. Il a des mains et ne se touche pas. Il a des pattes, il ne marche pas et il ne vote pas avec sa gorge. Que ceux qui le font soient comme lui et tous ceux qui lui font confiance (Psaume 113\u00a0:4-8, voir Psaume 134\u00a0:15-21).<\/p>\n

D - Ic\u00f4nes des saints de notre \u00e9glise<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

L'\u00c9glise orthodoxe honore non seulement l'ic\u00f4ne du Christ, mais aussi les ic\u00f4nes des saints. Cette question n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 mentionn\u00e9e dans l'Ancien Testament, car personne ne pouvait d\u00e9crire la vraie nature de l'homme, tel qu'il a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00ab \u00e0 l'image de Dieu \u00bb, en raison de l'incapacit\u00e9 de voir l'image de Dieu \u00ab homme \u00bb dans toute sa puret\u00e9. . Tous les \u00eatres humains ont h\u00e9rit\u00e9 de la nature d'Adam, c'est-\u00e0-dire de l'image de Dieu d\u00e9form\u00e9e et transform\u00e9e par la chute et la corruption.<\/p>\n

Mais Christ s'est incarn\u00e9 et s'est \u00ab vid\u00e9 \u00bb, \u00ab prenant la forme d'un serviteur et \u00e9tant devenu \u00e0 l'image des hommes \u00bb (Phil. 2\u00a0:7), \u00ab leur fr\u00e8re premier-n\u00e9 \u00bb (Romains 8\u00a0:29, Col. 1\u00a0:18). , Psaume 88\u00a0:28), et les a rendus \u00e0 nouveau \u00ab conformes \u00e0 son image \u00bb ( Romains 8\u00a0:29, voir Phil 3\u00a0:21). Il les a rendus \u00e0 nouveau \u00ab conformes \u00e0 son image \u00bb (Romains 8\u00a0:29, voir Philippiens 3\u00a0:21). Ainsi, nous pouvons conna\u00eetre le v\u00e9ritable \u00eatre humain dans la personne de ceux qui portent, avec puret\u00e9, l\u2019image de Dieu. Quant aux saints de notre \u00c9glise qui ont r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 l'appel de Dieu, ils se sont \u00ab conform\u00e9s \u00e0 l'image du Fils \u00bb et ont rev\u00eatu \u00e0 nouveau \u00ab l'image du C\u00e9leste \u00bb (1 Corinthiens 15\u00a0:49), et ils ont refl\u00e9t\u00e9 sa gloire. (2 Corinthiens 3\u00a0:18).<\/p>\n

Par cons\u00e9quent, les ic\u00f4nes de notre \u00e9glise ne repr\u00e9sentent pas la nature d\u00e9chue de l'homme, mais plut\u00f4t \u00ab l'homme nouveau \u00bb (\u00c9ph\u00e9siens 2\u00a0:15, 4\u00a0:24) et font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la nouvelle cr\u00e9ation de Dieu (2 Corinthiens 5\u00a0:17, Galates 6\u00a0:15). ) et \u00e0 la transfiguration que personne ne peut percevoir avec ses sens physiques, car c\u2019est \u00ab le monde sanctifi\u00e9 par la gr\u00e2ce de Dieu \u00bb, selon les mots de saint Jean de Damas.<\/p>\n

La personne qui a accept\u00e9 Christ refl\u00e8te \u00ab la gloire du Seigneur \u00bb et est transform\u00e9e \u00ab en cette m\u00eame image, de gloire en gloire \u00bb (2 Corinthiens 3\u00a0:18). Cela se produit par la puissance du Saint-Esprit. C\u2019est pourquoi les corps des saints rayonnent d\u00e9sormais de lumi\u00e8re, sans que le reste de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 puisse la percevoir avec leurs sens. Ceux qui ne vivent pas la vie de l\u2019Esprit dans une Pentec\u00f4te permanente ne peuvent pas comprendre la signification des ic\u00f4nes sacr\u00e9es et voir la transformation de l\u2019homme et du monde entier. Quant aux croyants qui vivent cette v\u00e9rit\u00e9 dans l\u2019\u00c9glise, personne ne peut les emp\u00eacher d\u2019entrer dans cette joie spirituelle qu\u2019ils ressentent \u00e0 travers le t\u00e9moignage des ic\u00f4nes orthodoxes de ce monde nouveau.<\/p>\n

Saint Jean de Damas dit : \u00ab Les ap\u00f4tres ont vu le Seigneur avec leurs yeux physiques, et beaucoup de personnes ont vu les ap\u00f4tres et les martyrs. Je veux aussi les voir avec les yeux de l\u2019\u00e2me et du corps. Je suis un \u00eatre humain entour\u00e9 du corps et je d\u00e9sire avoir un contact avec les saints et les voir. La pr\u00e9sence d'ic\u00f4nes saintes est un excellent moyen de contact permanent avec les saints, qui ne restent pas des personnes d'un pass\u00e9 lointain, mais deviennent plut\u00f4t nos contemporains et les amis personnels de chaque croyant.<\/p>\n

E - Peintres dans notre \u00e9glise<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Cela a \u00e9t\u00e9 impos\u00e9 \u00e0 mes peintres (1)<\/a> Ic\u00f4nes des saints Avant de commencer \u00e0 peindre une ic\u00f4ne du Christ ou de la Tr\u00e8s Sainte Vierge, ils doivent je\u00fbner et vivre une vie d'asc\u00e8se, de d\u00e9votion et de pri\u00e8re. Ainsi, ils obtiennent les exp\u00e9riences spirituelles n\u00e9cessaires, puis les expriment en couleurs. Une chose similaire s'est produite dans la vision de Mo\u00efse. Nous avons vu qu'il est rest\u00e9 sur la montagne pendant quarante jours et quarante nuits et a v\u00e9cu une vie d'asc\u00e9tisme extr\u00eame et de proximit\u00e9 avec Dieu (Exode 24\u00a0: 15-18). Apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9clair\u00e9 par la lumi\u00e8re de la Divinit\u00e9 Trinitaire, il descendit de la montagne pour transmettre les commandements de Dieu (Exode 34\u00a0:\u00a030).<\/p>\n

Nous comprenons ainsi pourquoi quiconque perdait ce sentiment int\u00e9rieur et cette exp\u00e9rience spirituelle ne pouvait acqu\u00e9rir le statut de peintre dans l'\u00e9glise, et dont les \u0153uvres n'\u00e9taient que de simples peintures ou des images copi\u00e9es des ic\u00f4nes sacr\u00e9es dessin\u00e9es par l'Esprit de Dieu. Quant aux vrais peintres, ils sentaient qu'ils ne travaillaient pas pour eux-m\u00eames, mais qu'ils cr\u00e9aient simplement les \u0153uvres du Saint-Esprit, \u00e0 qui ils pr\u00eataient leurs mains. C\u2019est pourquoi ils n\u2019ont pas mis leur nom sur les saintes ic\u00f4nes et se sont content\u00e9s d\u2019indiquer qu\u2019elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00ab faites par une main \u00bb, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire par leur main, qu\u2019ils ont remise au Saint-Esprit pour les guider. \u00e0 ce qu'ils devraient faire. Ils croyaient que la gr\u00e2ce de Dieu, qui corrige l'image d\u00e9form\u00e9e de l'homme, conduisait leur main \u00e0 peindre l'image joyeuse et aimante du Dieu vivant.<\/p>\n

Ils croyaient \u00e9galement que les ic\u00f4nes, qui \u00e9taient une expression de la vie spirituelle, ne repr\u00e9sentaient pas des situations de la vie terrestre, mais plut\u00f4t des situations d'un monde en \u00e9volution. Pour cette raison, ils n\u2019ont pas dessin\u00e9 les saints, les animaux, les plantes et toute la cr\u00e9ation sous des formes \u00ab naturelles \u00bb. Les ic\u00f4nes sacr\u00e9es n'expriment pas les conditions \u00ab naturelles \u00bb de ce monde, mais plut\u00f4t l'exp\u00e9rience spirituelle de notre \u00c9glise d'un monde transform\u00e9, retournant \u00e0 son premier rayonnement et \u00e0 \u00ab la libert\u00e9 de la gloire des enfants de Dieu \u00bb (Romains 8\u00a0:21). . (2)<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

(1)<\/a> Il est aussi appel\u00e9 \u00ab l\u2019\u00e9crivain d\u2019ic\u00f4nes \u00bb\u2026 (Al-Shabaka)<\/p>\n

(2)<\/a> C'est l'une des raisons pour lesquelles notre \u00c9glise orthodoxe refuse de fabriquer des statues du Seigneur ou de la Dame et des saints, car elles ne peuvent pas repr\u00e9senter un \u00e9tat de gloire, mais sont plut\u00f4t dans un \u00e9tat naturel. On voit aussi qu'apr\u00e8s avoir fait des statues, l'Occident s'est mis \u00e0 peindre ses ic\u00f4nes, avec des visages, des expressions et des dimensions humaines naturelles... (Le R\u00e9seau).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2015\/03\/Orthodoxonline-Logo-Featured-Post.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"919\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@orthodoxonline\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@orthodoxonline\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\" \/>\n\t<meta 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