{"id":2362,"date":"2010-05-23T16:48:59","date_gmt":"2010-05-23T16:48:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/orthodox-library\/the-sects-cults-and-heresies\/the-baptists-orthodox-view\/the-baptism\/"},"modified":"2010-05-23T16:48:59","modified_gmt":"2010-05-23T16:48:59","slug":"the-baptism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/fr\/orthodox-library\/the-sects-cults-and-heresies\/the-baptists-orthodox-view\/the-baptism\/","title":{"rendered":"Le sacrement du bapt\u00eame et la communaut\u00e9 baptiste"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le fervent chr\u00e9tien est choqu\u00e9 par tout l\u2019enseignement des baptistes sur le bapt\u00eame. Nous vous expliquerons cela dans trois articles. Nous consacrerons ce premier article \u00e0 r\u00e9futer leurs affirmations qui d\u00e9naturent le sacrement du bapt\u00eame. Nous esp\u00e9rons r\u00e9pondre, dans un prochain article, \u00e0 leur rejet du bapt\u00eame des enfants et clarifier, dans un troisi\u00e8me article, le lien entre le renouveau des croyants et le sacrement du bapt\u00eame.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Les baptistes attribuent au Nouveau Testament qu\u2019\u00ab il enseigne beaucoup sur le salut en dehors du bapt\u00eame \u00bb, qui \u00ab d\u00e9crit symboliquement le salut \u00bb et ne le \u00ab provoque en aucune mani\u00e8re \u00bb (Herschel Hobbs, Baptist Doctrine and Message, pp. 135 et 138 ; J. M. Carroll, Histoire de l'\u00c9glise baptiste, page 32). Ils utilisent le mot \u00ab ordonn\u00e9 \u00bb pour d\u00e9crire le bapt\u00eame, \u00e9vitant ainsi qu\u2019il soit un sacrement de l\u2019\u00c9glise. Ils consid\u00e8rent qu\u2019il est permis de l\u2019accepter uniquement \u00ab \u00e0 ceux qui se sont consciemment abandonn\u00e9s au Christ \u00bb, par \u00ab le chemin de la repentance \u00bb et \u00ab la foi personnelle en Lui \u00bb. Le bapt\u00eame, selon l\u2019enseignement des \u00c9critures, \u00ab suit la repentance \u00bb (Herschel Hobbs, M.N., pp. 133, 138, 139 ; Finley M. Graham, Systematic Theology, p. 205 ; The Biblical Position, No. 7\u00a0; Robert A. Baker, Biographies des baptistes dans l'histoire, page 17). Si l'on s'arr\u00eate, en lisant leurs r\u00e9f\u00e9rences, au livre \u00ab Baker \u00bb, dont nous avons parl\u00e9 ici, nous voyons qu'il d\u00e9forme la v\u00e9rit\u00e9, en pr\u00e9tendant que le bapt\u00eame, secr\u00e8tement, est entr\u00e9 par les premiers \u00e9crivains chr\u00e9tiens qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 influenc\u00e9s par \u00ab leur environnement pa\u00efen \u00bb. et leur environnement philosophique \u00bb, comme l'\u00e9crivait \u00ab le martyr Justin, philosophe et converti \u00bb, Au chr\u00e9tien qui vivait au milieu du IIe si\u00e8cle, le bapt\u00eame accomplit le salut. Ir\u00e9n\u00e9e, l'un de ses contemporains ult\u00e9rieurs, a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 que le bapt\u00eame est une nouvelle naissance et qu'il produit un renouveau. Ainsi, un pouvoir magique \u00e9tait attribu\u00e9 au bapt\u00eame \u00bb (pages 25 et 33). Bien qu'ils reconnaissent que le bapt\u00eame \u00ab repr\u00e9sente la mort, l'enterrement et la r\u00e9surrection de notre Seigneur J\u00e9sus (1 Corinthiens 15\u00a0:3 et 4) \u00bb ; \u00ab La mort du croyant \u00e0 cause du p\u00e9ch\u00e9, son enterrement avec Christ et sa r\u00e9surrection pour une vie nouvelle (Romains 6\u00a0: 3-6) \u00bb, mais ils refusent de consid\u00e9rer cela comme une nouvelle naissance. Ils insistent pour le faire par immersion (1)<\/a>\u00ab L'\u00c9glise locale \u00bb est seule responsable de cette pratique. Ils n'acceptent pas le bapt\u00eame pratiqu\u00e9 par une autre \u00e9glise sauf sous conditions, notamment : que cette \u00e9glise ne pratique que l'immersion et que sa doctrine soit en accord avec la doctrine biblique du bapt\u00eame (Finley M. Graham, Systematic Theology, pp. 297-300 ; J. M. Carroll , Histoire des \u00c9glises baptistes, page 18\u00a0; Awad Samaan, Pr\u00eatrise, pages 358-367). Mais en fait, ils rebaptisent tous ceux qui les rejoignent.<\/p>\n

Des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s apparaissent abondamment dans ces passages, ou id\u00e9es, tir\u00e9s des \u00e9crits des baptistes. Ils ont dit ce qu\u2019ils ont dit non seulement parce qu\u2019ils rejetaient le bapt\u00eame des enfants, mais aussi parce qu\u2019ils niaient l\u2019\u0153uvre de la gr\u00e2ce dans les sacrements. Si nous lisons attentivement leurs enseignements, nous pouvons remarquer deux choses fondamentales \u00e0 propos de ce d\u00e9ni.<\/p>\n

La premi\u00e8re est que consid\u00e9rer le bapt\u00eame comme un symbole rend le salut de l\u2019homme par Dieu irr\u00e9el et son renouveau illusoire. Dans ce contexte, nous ne passerons pas en revue les versets qui r\u00e9futent leurs arguments. Ce qu\u2019ils utilisent sans le vouloir, c\u2019est notre soutien dans notre r\u00e9ponse. Qu\u2019est-ce que cela signifie que, par son bapt\u00eame, le croyant participe \u00e0 la mort et \u00e0 la r\u00e9surrection du Christ, est symboliquement sauv\u00e9 ou symboliquement renouvel\u00e9 ? Arif n'ignore pas que le mot \u00ab symbole \u00bb n'est pas utilis\u00e9 dans le Nouveau Testament pour d\u00e9crire le bapt\u00eame et les effets des sacrements dans leur ensemble. Ils disent qu'ils comptent sur ses livres ! Mais en fait, ils y projettent des id\u00e9es pr\u00e9con\u00e7ues, ou ce qu\u2019ils pensent \u00eatre correct. Cela ne convient pas \u00e0 la parole de Celui qui nous a rachet\u00e9s par sa mort et sa r\u00e9surrection et nous a ouvert le chemin du v\u00e9ritable renouveau en acceptant sa r\u00e9demption par le Saint-Esprit, qui guide les myst\u00e8res de l'\u00c9glise, nous unit et nous fait revivre. avec ses gr\u00e2ces (1 Corinthiens 12\u00a0:\u00a012-14 ; \u00c9ph\u00e9siens 4\u00a0:\u00a04-6).<\/p>\n

La deuxi\u00e8me chose est qu\u2019ils r\u00e9p\u00e8tent le bapt\u00eame des chr\u00e9tiens qui rejoignent leurs rangs. C\u2019est une contradiction \u00e9vidente avec l\u2019h\u00e9ritage chr\u00e9tien. Si le bapt\u00eame est une participation \u00e0 la mort et \u00e0 la r\u00e9surrection du Christ (Romains 6\u00a0:\u00a03 et 4\u00a0; Colossiens 2\u00a0:\u00a012), et que Christ est mort une fois et est ressuscit\u00e9 pour toujours, alors comment peuvent-ils accepter qu'une personne meure deux fois avec Christ et ressuscite. deux fois? N'est-ce pas une violation de ce qui est \u00e9nonc\u00e9 dans la Constitution de la foi (et du bapt\u00eame unique pour le pardon des p\u00e9ch\u00e9s), que les baptistes pr\u00e9tendent reconna\u00eetre comme la validit\u00e9 de son enseignement ? Et cela contredit la base adopt\u00e9e par les p\u00e8res lorsqu'ils ont \u00e9crit l'enseignement sur le bapt\u00eame, c'est-\u00e0-dire ce que l'Ap\u00f4tre a dit : \u00ab Et il y a un seul Seigneur, et une seule foi, et un seul bapt\u00eame \u00bb (\u00c9ph\u00e9siens 4\u00a0:\u00a05). Et s'ils voulaient imiter la Sainte \u00c9glise, qui r\u00e9tablissait le bapt\u00eame des h\u00e9r\u00e9tiques et emp\u00eachait ses croyants de recevoir le bapt\u00eame des mains des h\u00e9r\u00e9tiques (voir : Le premier concile \u0153cum\u00e9nique, loi 19 ; le concile de Lattaqui\u00e9, quatri\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, loi 8 ; Le Deuxi\u00e8me Concile \u0152cum\u00e9nique, Loi 7 ; Le Concile du Trullo, Loi 95 ; Lois des Ap\u00f4tres, Lois 47 et 68...), il y a donc une diff\u00e9rence entre eux. Mais s\u2019ils reconnaissent seulement le bapt\u00eame qu\u2019ils accomplissent, alors nous laissons au lecteur le soin d\u2019en juger !<\/p>\n

Alors quiconque lit les enseignements des baptistes ne doute pas que leur rejet des effets du bapt\u00eame se fonde non seulement sur leur lecture incorrecte des Livres saints, mais aussi sur les p\u00e9ch\u00e9s qui frappent certains apr\u00e8s avoir re\u00e7u la Sainte-C\u00e8ne. Ceci est rejet\u00e9 par notre patrimoine, qui a refus\u00e9 de condamner qui que ce soit. Il est rejet\u00e9 par le solide enseignement qui accompagnait les saints secrets en explication et en clarification. On sait que l\u2019h\u00e9r\u00e9sie des Gnostiques, qui s\u2019est largement r\u00e9pandue au IIe si\u00e8cle, a adopt\u00e9 ce m\u00eame argument pour critiquer le sacrement du bapt\u00eame. C'est ce que r\u00e9pondit \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque le savant Tertullien (155-225), qui r\u00e9pondit au gnostique Cantela, qui se moquait du bapt\u00eame pour la m\u00eame raison \u00e9voqu\u00e9e, en disant : \u00ab Mais nous, les petits poissons, qui avons pris notre nom de J\u00e9sus-Christ. , naissons dans l\u2019eau et ne sommes sauv\u00e9s que si nous y restons \u00bb (Sur le bapt\u00eame, chapitre un). Le fait que certains chr\u00e9tiens commettent des erreurs apr\u00e8s avoir re\u00e7u le sacrement du bapt\u00eame ne permet pas de critiquer le sacrement. C'est la magie elle-m\u00eame. Les baptistes sont des magiciens s'ils croient que le bapt\u00eame pr\u00e9serve celui qui l'a re\u00e7u sans sa volont\u00e9 sinc\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Il reste \u00e0 clarifier leur affirmation : la foi personnelle en Christ et la repentance pr\u00e9c\u00e8dent le bapt\u00eame. Ceci est valable si la personne qui demande le bapt\u00eame est un adulte. Dans l\u2019\u00c9glise primitive, on demandait \u00e0 un adulte qui \u00e9tait sur le point de recevoir le bapt\u00eame : Qu\u2019attendez-vous de l\u2019\u00c9glise ? Il r\u00e9pond : La foi. Mais il n'est pas valable si la personne \u00e0 charge est un enfant. Le bapt\u00eame des enfants est bas\u00e9 sur le salut de Dieu, qu\u2019Il a donn\u00e9 gratuitement \u00e0 tous, jeunes ou vieux. C\u2019est ce que nous expliquerons, avec l\u2019aide de Dieu, dans l\u2019article suivant.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

(1)<\/a> Concernant l'immersion, l'\u00c9glise orthodoxe pratique le sacrement du bapt\u00eame exclusivement par immersion. Sauf s\u2019il existe un arr\u00eat\u00e9 interdisant l\u2019immersion. Mais tout pr\u00eatre qui baptise quelqu'un autrement que par immersion sans qu'il y ait de raison viole la tradition et les lois de l'\u00c9glise... (Al-Shabaka)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3449,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"4993,1175,5022,721,1098,654,1184,5014,552,1155,2566,614","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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