{"id":806,"date":"2009-02-28T18:36:50","date_gmt":"2009-02-28T18:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/church-history\/historical-studies\/the-prophet-elias-in-islam\/"},"modified":"2009-02-28T18:36:50","modified_gmt":"2009-02-28T18:36:50","slug":"the-prophet-elias-in-islam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/fr\/church-history\/historical-studies\/the-prophet-elias-in-islam\/","title":{"rendered":"Le proph\u00e8te \u00c9lie dans l&#039;Islam"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le proph\u00e8te \u00c9lie est mentionn\u00e9 deux fois dans le Coran, dans la sourate Al-An&#039;am et Al-Saffat. Il est l\u2019un des vingt-cinq proph\u00e8tes mentionn\u00e9s nomm\u00e9ment dans le Coran. Cependant, le livre musulman ne donne pas de d\u00e9tails complets sur la vie du proph\u00e8te \u00c9lie, mais se limite \u00e0 quelques versets qui r\u00e9sument avec pr\u00e9cision le contenu le plus important de son message aux peuples de l&#039;Ancien Testament. Il est devenu courant que les chr\u00e9tiens donnent \u00e0 leurs enfants le nom d\u2019\u00c9lie, sachant que son nom dans la Sainte Bible est \u00ab \u00c9lie \u00bb, ce qui signifie que Dieu est mon Dieu. Les musulmans sont \u00e9galement appel\u00e9s Elie, et c&#039;est ce qui pousse certains d&#039;entre eux \u00e0 visiter les temples chr\u00e9tiens d\u00e9di\u00e9s \u00e0 Elie le proph\u00e8te avec l&#039;intention d&#039;y rechercher des b\u00e9n\u00e9dictions.<\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p>Dans la sourate Al-An&#039;am, le Coran dit : \u00ab Et Nous lui avons accord\u00e9 (c&#039;est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 Abraham) Isaac et Jacob, chacun d&#039;eux Nous avons guid\u00e9, et No\u00e9 Nous avons guid\u00e9 auparavant, et de ses descendants David et Salomon et Job, Joseph, Mo\u00efse et Aaron : c&#039;est ainsi que Nous r\u00e9compensons ceux qui font le bien. Et Zacharie, Yahya, J\u00e9sus et Elie \u00e9taient tous justes. Et Isma\u00ebl, et \u00c9lis\u00e9e, et Jonas, et Lot, et chacun d&#039;eux Nous avons pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 au-dessus des mondes&quot; (versets 84-86). Quant \u00e0 Yahya, dans l&#039;expression chr\u00e9tienne, il est Jean-Baptiste, et J\u00e9sus est J\u00e9sus (et dans l&#039;expression chr\u00e9tienne). une autre tradition chr\u00e9tienne, Yeshua ou J\u00e9sus), et \u00c9lis\u00e9e est le serviteur d&#039;\u00c9lie ou \u00ab son compagnon \u00bb selon l&#039;expression islamique, et il Le Coran le consid\u00e9rait \u00ab parmi les bons \u00bb (Sourate p. 48), et Yunus \u00e9tait Jonas. Dans cette s\u00e9lection des noms des proph\u00e8tes de l&#039;Ancien Testament, outre J\u00e9sus-Christ, et dans d&#039;autres endroits o\u00f9 Adam, le premier proph\u00e8te de l&#039;Islam, et Idris (Enoch) sont mentionn\u00e9s, il est frappant que les proph\u00e8tes majeurs tels qu&#039;Isa\u00efe, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie , et \u00c9z\u00e9chiel ne sont pas mentionn\u00e9s. Cette absence frappante des grands proph\u00e8tes et des enseignements qu\u2019ils ont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s est l\u2019un des points faibles de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage islamique.<\/p>\n<p>Les versets tir\u00e9s de la sourate Al-An&#039;am ne pr\u00e9cisent pas la mission et le message d&#039;Elie le Proph\u00e8te, ils le mentionnent seulement parmi les proph\u00e8tes. Quant \u00e0 sa mission, elle est expliqu\u00e9e dans la sourate As-Saffat : \u00ab Et \u00c9lie \u00e9tait l&#039;un des messagers lorsqu&#039;il dit \u00e0 son peuple : \u00ab N&#039;aurez-vous pas peur ? Faites-vous appel \u00e0 Baal et ignorez-vous le meilleur des cr\u00e9ateurs ? Dieu est votre Seigneur et le Seigneur de vos anc\u00eatres. Ils le rejet\u00e8rent donc, car personne ne sera amen\u00e9 sauf les serviteurs sinc\u00e8res de Dieu. Nous l&#039;avons laiss\u00e9 \u00e0 d&#039;autres. paix chez Yassin. Moi aussi. Nous r\u00e9compensons les bienfaiteurs. Il est l\u2019un de nos fid\u00e8les serviteurs \u00bb (versets 123-132).<\/p>\n<p>Elie le Proph\u00e8te, selon ce r\u00e9cit coranique, \u00e9tait le messager de son Seigneur aupr\u00e8s de son peuple, les enfants d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, afin de l\u2019\u00e9loigner du culte de Baal et de l\u2019appeler au retour au monoth\u00e9isme. Il les r\u00e9primanda en disant : \u00ab Invoquez-vous Baal et abandonnez-vous le meilleur des cr\u00e9ateurs ? \u00bb Autrement dit, priez-vous Baal et abandonnez-vous le culte de ceux qui vous ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 ainsi que les autres, abandonnant votre Seigneur et le Seigneur de vos p\u00e8res ? Et ceux qui ne l\u2019ont pas cru et sont rest\u00e9s dans leur foi pa\u00efenne, \u00ab ils seront amen\u00e9s \u00bb, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qu\u2019ils seront conduits au tourment. Ce que l&#039;on entend par \u00ab Eliasin \u00bb, c&#039;est Elias, auquel ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9s un yaa et un midi, car c&#039;est un nom \u00e9tranger. Ce qui est frappant \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard, c&#039;est que Sayyid Qutb, le plus important commentateur du Coran du XXe si\u00e8cle, s&#039;est arr\u00eat\u00e9 en ajoutant le y\u0101&#039; et le n\u016bn. Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u00ab\u00a0D&#039;un point de vue technique, j&#039;ai pris en compte la virgule. et son rythme musical en ramenant le nom Elias \u00e0 la forme d&#039;Eliasin, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re du Coran en notant la coh\u00e9rence du rythme dans l&#039;expression. \u00bb \u00ab . En d\u2019autres termes, il s\u2019agit de conserver la rime (yaa et nonn) dans les vers successifs et de ne pas casser le rythme.<\/p>\n<p>Il ne fait aucun doute que ce r\u00e9cit coranique sur le message du proph\u00e8te \u00c9lie n\u2019est qu\u2019un bref extrait du r\u00e9cit contenu dans l\u2019Ancien Testament au dix-huiti\u00e8me chapitre du Troisi\u00e8me Livre des Rois. Le bref r\u00e9cit coranique rappelle les stations les plus importantes du r\u00e9cit biblique, o\u00f9 \u00c9lie le Proph\u00e8te d\u00e9fie les pr\u00eatres de Baal et leurs disciples d&#039;allumer leur holocauste avec le feu descendant du ciel, mais ils n&#039;y parvinrent pas. lui, il pria le Seigneur, qui lui r\u00e9pondit et alluma son holocauste.<\/p>\n<p>Le roi Achab et son \u00e9pouse J\u00e9zabel furent ceux qui introduisirent le culte de Baal en Isra\u00ebl, alors \u00c9lie se leva et les confronta, les accusant d&#039;abandonner les commandements de l&#039;\u00c9ternel et de suivre Baal (3 Rois 18\u00a0:\u00a018). Alors \u00c9lie se tourna vers la foule et leur dit : \u00ab Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 quand h\u00e9siterez-vous entre les deux camps ? Si le Seigneur est Dieu, alors suivez-le, et si Baal est lui, alors suivez-le. Mais le peuple ne lui r\u00e9pondit pas un mot \u00bb (18\u00a0:\u00a021). Puis il a demand\u00e9 le mubahala, c&#039;est-\u00e0-dire que chaque parti prie son dieu et celui dont le dieu lui r\u00e9pond sera victorieux. \u00c9lie fut victorieux et massacra les pr\u00eatres de Baal (18\u00a0:40). C\u2019est exactement ce que voulait \u00e9galement dire le r\u00e9cit coranique.<\/p>\n<p>Le r\u00e9cit du proph\u00e8te \u00c9lie est un exemple des r\u00e9cits des proph\u00e8tes du Coran. Le Proph\u00e8te appara\u00eet lorsqu\u2019un peuple s\u2019\u00e9carte du chemin de Dieu et du monoth\u00e9isme, et l\u2019appelle \u00e0 revenir \u00e0 la puret\u00e9 de la foi monoth\u00e9iste. Parmi eux se trouvent ceux qui sont d\u00e9courag\u00e9s et recevront une r\u00e9compense de leur Seigneur, et parmi eux se trouvent ceux qui n\u2019ouvrent pas leur c\u0153ur \u00e0 la foi et sont soumis \u00e0 un ch\u00e2timent s\u00e9v\u00e8re. Dans ce contexte, le Coran dit, s\u2019adressant \u00e0 Mahomet : \u00ab Et Nous n\u2019avons envoy\u00e9 avant toi aucun messager sans que Nous lui ayons r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 qu\u2019il n\u2019y a d\u2019autre dieu que Moi, alors adore-Moi \u00bb (Sourate Al-Anbiya, 25). Elie le Proph\u00e8te \u00e9tait le messager du monoth\u00e9isme aupr\u00e8s des enfants d&#039;Isra\u00ebl face au polyth\u00e9isme que son peuple et tous ceux qui les imitaient acceptaient. Il est donc venu vers eux comme un avertisseur, un h\u00e9raut de bonnes nouvelles et un guide vers le droit chemin. chemin.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Extrait de mon bulletin paroissial 2003<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0651\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3449,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"1500,1548,1504,1186,643,1128,709,968,2703,1828,636,2400","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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