{"id":2107,"date":"2010-05-05T09:48:50","date_gmt":"2010-05-05T09:48:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/saints-and-fathers\/kaf-lam\/st-venerable-leonid-of-optina-the-elder\/"},"modified":"2026-02-19T02:39:31","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T01:39:31","slug":"st-venerable-leonid-of-optina-the-elder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/it\/saints-and-fathers\/kaf-lam\/st-venerable-leonid-of-optina-the-elder\/","title":{"rendered":"San Leonid Startz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2106\" style=\"float: left;\" title=\"STARTZ LEONID ST\" alt=\"STARTZ LEONID ST\" src=\"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/11-oct-Venerable-Leonid-of-Optina-the-Elder.jpg\" height=\"167\" width=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/11-oct-Venerable-Leonid-of-Optina-the-Elder.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/11-oct-Venerable-Leonid-of-Optina-the-Elder-179x300.jpg 179w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>Lev Nagolkine nacque nel 1767 da una famiglia borghese nella provincia russa di Orel. Lavor\u00f2 nel campo del commercio e ottenne un grande successo, perch\u00e9 Dio lo dot\u00f2 di grandi talenti naturali. Si spostava molto a causa della natura del suo lavoro. Ha viaggiato in lungo e in largo per il paese, cosa che gli ha dato l&#039;opportunit\u00e0 di sperimentare la vita sociale nella sua pienezza. Ha acquisito una profonda conoscenza della psiche umana e delle sue caratteristiche, e questa conoscenza gli \u00e8 stata di grande aiuto nel suo lavoro di spirituale. guida.<\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p>Non sappiamo nulla della sua vita spirituale in quel periodo, ma tutto quello che sappiamo \u00e8 che entr\u00f2 nel corpo monastico all&#039;et\u00e0 di ventinove anni e gli fu dato il nome Leonid. Incontr\u00f2 lo sceicco Theodore, uno dei discepoli del grande san Paissios Veltshovsky, e rimase con lui fino alla fine della sua vita. Per mantenere l&#039;umilt\u00e0 e la tranquillit\u00e0, padre Leonid si stabil\u00ec nello Skete situato vicino al monastero di Optino dopo la morte del suo insegnante e amico, padre Theodore. La sua morte ebbe un profondo impatto su padre Leonid, che scrisse descrivendo la sua esperienza dicendo: &quot;La morte di qualcuno che amiamo \u00e8 molto dolorosa e ci spinge a una fervida preghiera con tutto il cuore e l&#039;anima&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>Padre Leonid era alto, con il corpo eretto e, nonostante la sua morbosa obesit\u00e0, aveva passi rapidi e leggeri. Dio gli ha dato una forza fisica straordinaria. Poteva facilmente sollevare duecento chilogrammi contemporaneamente. I suoi occhi erano grigi, con uno sguardo penetrante, e il suo viso trasudava umanit\u00e0. Il solo fatto di essere in sua presenza era sufficiente per dare a chi lo circondava una sensazione di pace e gioia interiore. I dolori si dissipano, i cattivi pensieri vengono scacciati, ma i cuori si aprono verso Dio. Nessuno lo aveva mai visto triste, arrabbiato o impaziente. La sua preghiera era accorata e ininterrotta, come diceva: \u201cPer amore del mio prossimo, sono pronto a trascorrere due giorni consecutivi a parlare con lui, se fosse necessario, senza che la mia preghiera interiore venga intaccata\u201d. Padre Leonid riceveva la Santa Comunione una volta ogni due settimane nella chiesa di Skete. Dormiva solo tre ore per notte e il suo cibo consisteva in due pasti moderati al giorno. Le sue dita erano sempre occupate, anche mentre guidava i suoi studenti o incontrava i laici, realizzando piccole fusciacche che spesso erano una benedizione per i suoi visitatori. Mormorava costantemente la preghiera di Ges\u00f9, o talvolta lo potevi sentire cantare alcuni inni.<\/p>\n<p>La vita monastica a Optino cambi\u00f2 nel momento in cui si stabil\u00ec l&#039;anziano Leonid lo Skete, quando la sua cella si trasform\u00f2 nel centro spirituale del monastero. Padre Musa, il capo del monastero, veniva da lui e dai suoi monaci, rivelando le loro idee e chiedendo la sua guida. Pass\u00f2 solo poco tempo prima che folle di laici li seguissero, provenienti da ogni direzione e direzione, accorsi per bere a questa sorgente. Nel 1834, il monaco sacerdote Makarios venne a Optino e divenne il fedele assistente dell&#039;anziano Leonid, poich\u00e9 insieme ricevevano visitatori, ascoltavano confessioni e rispondevano alle lettere. Come una citt\u00e0 costruita su una montagna non pu\u00f2 essere nascosta, cos\u00ec il raggio della loro paternit\u00e0 spirituale cominci\u00f2 a diffondersi e ad espandersi, al punto che molti monasteri si sottomisero alla guida degli anziani di Optino.<\/p>\n<p>Nel suo insegnamento, l&#039;anziano Leonid ha sottolineato l&#039;umilt\u00e0, che \u00e8 la pi\u00f9 grande delle virt\u00f9. Insegn\u00f2 ai suoi discepoli a sfuggire alla falsa gloria evitando atti di ascetismo esteriore e praticando l&#039;ascetismo interiore nascosto e svolgendo lavori fisici umili. Un giorno, mentre era impegnato in una conversazione con alcuni visitatori, uno dei suoi studenti venne da lui chiedendogli il libro Filolalia, pensando che lo sceicco glielo avrebbe dato senza alcuna domanda, per non interrompere la sua conversazione. Ma lo sceicco insistette per conoscere i motivi che avevano portato il fratello a prendere un libro del genere. Quando seppe che il fratello novizio voleva approfondire il tema della preghiera secondo san Callisto, lo rimprover\u00f2 violentemente, dicendo: \u201cCome osi darti da fare con un argomento di cos\u00ec alto livello?\u201d Invece di studiare San Callisto, sarebbe meglio che pulissi la sporcizia davanti alla porta. Simone il Mago ricord\u00f2 come, dopo essersi alzato in aria, cadde a terra. Stai attento e sii umile per non incontrare un destino come questo. Quando il fratello ud\u00ec ci\u00f2, se ne and\u00f2 beneficiando e stupito della saggezza dello sceicco.<\/p>\n<p>Il fratello insisteva affinch\u00e9 lo sceicco gli permettesse di indossare catene di ferro, ma lo sceicco rifiutava sempre, finch\u00e9 arriv\u00f2 il giorno in cui il fratello convoc\u00f2 il fabbro e gli disse: &quot;Se tale fratello viene da te e dice: Con la benedizione del presidente, fatemi delle catene di ferro da indossare e schiaffeggiatelo in faccia.&quot; E cos\u00ec \u00e8 stato. Quando il fratello venne a chiedere allo sceicco la benedizione per indossare le catene, gli diede il permesso di mandarlo dal fabbro. Questo gli diede solo un duro schiaffo in faccia. Il fratello non riusc\u00ec a sopportare il colpo e rispose con un colpo simile. La disputa tra loro si intensific\u00f2 e andarono dallo sceicco per lamentarsi l&#039;uno dell&#039;altro. Lo sceicco li guard\u00f2 per un momento con tristezza e rimprover\u00f2 il fratello schiaffeggiato, dicendo: &quot;Come pretendi, fratello mio, di poter sopportare le catene quando non sei riuscito a sopportare uno schiaffo con umilt\u00e0?&quot;<\/p>\n<p>Il Signore ricompens\u00f2 lo sceicco per la sua umilt\u00e0 con il dono dell&#039;intuizione spirituale, poich\u00e9 conosceva i nomi dei suoi visitatori e i loro bisogni ancor prima che glielo chiedessero. Una volta un famoso teologo e direttore della scuola per la preparazione dei sacerdoti visit\u00f2 il Monastero di Optino. Quindi Mos\u00e8, il capo del monastero, gli chiese se gli sarebbe piaciuto visitare lo sceicco Leonid. Egli per\u00f2 rifiut\u00f2 con disgusto, dicendo: \u201cPerch\u00e9 io, il teologo, dovrei andare a parlare con questo contadino, figlio di un contadino?\u201d Naturalmente nessuno ha raccontato a padre Leonid l&#039;accaduto. Il giorno dopo, il teologo cambi\u00f2 idea e and\u00f2 a trovare lo sceicco, che subito gli disse appena entrato nella cella: \u201cPerch\u00e9 sei venuto a parlare con il contadino, figlio del contadino?\u201d Il professore fu turbato e chiese perdono allo sceicco. Rimase vicino a lui per molte ore, dopo di che torn\u00f2 e disse a padre Musa: &quot;A cosa ci serve tutta la nostra conoscenza?&quot; La sua profonda conoscenza \u00e8 la vera saggezza benedetta da Dio\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Viveva vicino a Optino un ricco nobile che diceva sarcasticamente: &quot;Se incontrassi l&#039;anziano Leonid, gli farei confessare tutto nel suo cuore&quot;. In realt\u00e0 \u00e8 successo che questo nobile stesso sia andato dallo sceicco, e quando \u00e8 entrato nella cella, lo sceicco \u00e8 andato da lui e ha detto: \u201cGuarda quest&#039;uomo rude. Afferma che mi far\u00e0 confessare ci\u00f2 che ho nel cuore, anche se lui stesso non ha confessato n\u00e9 ricevuto grazie da diciassette anni\u201d. Il Profeta rimase stupito da ci\u00f2 che fu detto e cominci\u00f2 ad ammettere da solo che stava vivendo una vita inappropriata e che in realt\u00e0 aveva trascurato i segreti della confessione e del ringraziamento per dieci anni, come disse lo Sheikh.<\/p>\n<p>Nonostante i suoi grandi talenti, non sfugg\u00ec alla persecuzione, poich\u00e9 il suo destino fu simile a quello di tutti gli altri santi giusti che soffrirono molte sofferenze a causa della persecuzione. I nemici erano tanti. Sfortunatamente, erano essi stessi monaci e clero. Alcune persone ignoranti tra loro proibirono la pratica di \u201crivelare idee eretiche\u201d. Altri disapprovavano gli incontri amichevoli tra un monaco che indossava una grande fascia e persone secolari, comprese le donne. Una terza squadra ha presentato una denuncia al Consiglio diocesano accusando il santo di varie accuse. Il metropolita di Kaloga ordin\u00f2 solo all&#039;anziano Leonid di lasciare lo Scita e di andare al monastero per vivere l\u00ec come tutti gli altri monaci. Gli era anche vietato indossare una giacca larga. Il padre accett\u00f2 ci\u00f2 con umilt\u00e0 e pazienza, e si sottomise senza lamentarsi agli ordini dell&#039;autorit\u00e0 diocesana. Tuttavia, tutte queste restrizioni per impedirgli di ricevere visitatori secolari non si frapponevano tra lui e loro. Continuavano ad accorrere verso di lui, mettendo nelle sue mani il peso del loro dolore. Come possono allontanarsi da colui che \u00e8 loro padre, amico e intercessore allo stesso tempo? Una delle guardie dello zar raccont\u00f2 che al suo ritorno da una zona vicino a Optino, la gente dei piccoli villaggi lo ferm\u00f2, pensando che tornasse da Optino, e lo bombardarono di domande su padre Leonid. Rimase stupito da ci\u00f2 che sent\u00ec e quando chiese informazioni sulla loro relazione con quest&#039;ultimo, rimase sorpreso dalla loro risposta: \u201cCi chiedi, signore, dove conosciamo padre Leonid? Possiamo non conoscerlo? Come non sapere chi \u00e8 pi\u00f9 che un padre per noi, ignoranti e miserabili? Senza di Lui siamo orfani e il tempo \u00e8 crudele con loro\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Nel monastero, padre Musa si trov\u00f2 in una situazione critica. Doveva obbedire alle minacce del vescovo o seguire la voce della sua coscienza cristiana? Un giorno, mentre padre Musa passava vicino alla cella dello sceicco, vide una grande folla che lo circondava davanti alla cella. Il presidente si \u00e8 sentito costretto a ricordare a padre Leonid la chiara amministrazione del vescovo. Quanto allo sceicco, indic\u00f2 con la mano uno storpio che giaceva vicino alla padella, dicendo: \u201cGuardalo. Mentre \u00e8 ancora vivo, langue nei tormenti dell&#039;Inferno, e io posso aiutarlo e salvarlo. Dio lo ha mandato qui per pentirsi e rivelargli i suoi peccati\u201d. Padre Musa rimase inorridito quando seppe questo, ma insistette dicendo: &quot;Sua Eminenza minaccia di garantirvi il successo&quot;. Lo sceicco rispose: &quot;Che cosa mi influenzer\u00e0?&quot; Puoi mandarmi in Siberia e bruciarmi vivo. Ma non cambier\u00f2, rimarr\u00f2 lo stesso Leonid. Non invito nessuno a me, ma non posso nemmeno espellere chi viene\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Infine, la persecuzione contro padre Leonid cess\u00f2 nel 1837, quando Filaret, metropolita di Mosca e protettore della paternit\u00e0 spirituale, visit\u00f2 Optino, accompagnato dal metropolita di Kaluga. Il rabbino chiese allo sceicco perch\u00e9 non indossasse i suoi grandi sci. Lo sceicco rimase in silenzio e non disse una parola. Il vescovo gli ordin\u00f2 di indossarlo di nuovo.<\/p>\n<p>Ma appena trascorsi due anni, le difficolt\u00e0 ricominciarono. Padre Leonid fu trasferito in un&#039;altra cella lontana dall&#039;ingresso del monastero, per essere completamente isolato dalle comunicazioni con la gente. Tuttavia, la folla lo aspettava ogni ora per venire in chiesa, e la gente si accalcava attorno a lui, prostrandosi ai suoi piedi e baciando gli orli dei suoi vestiti. Ci si aspettava che sarebbero state prese nuove misure contro di lui, come l&#039;esilio in un remoto monastero. Ma solo l&#039;intervento di Filaret di Mosca fren\u00f2 la gelosia e il violento risentimento del vescovo della diocesi. Le persecuzioni contro lo sceicco Optino cessarono.<\/p>\n<p>I miracoli del santo furono moltissimi. Guar\u00ec i malati con le sue preghiere, assolse i peccati e raddrizz\u00f2 le anime storte. Continu\u00f2 cos\u00ec fino all&#039;ultimo respiro della sua vita. Un anno prima della sua morte, raccont\u00f2 il giorno della sua morte, dicendo: &quot;Tra un anno sar\u00f2 l\u00ec&quot;. Indicando la tomba che avrebbe dovuto contenere le sue sante spoglie. Il 28 settembre 1841 chiese ai fratelli di svolgere il servizio ai moribondi. Cominciarono cos\u00ec a piangere e piangere per la perdita del padre, che li confortava dicendo che sarebbe stato sempre con loro e avrebbe pregato per loro, affinch\u00e9 Cristo fosse il loro sostegno e li conducesse sulla gioiosa via della salvezza. Dopodich\u00e9 non mangi\u00f2 pi\u00f9 alcun cibo, ma mangi\u00f2 la Santa Comunione dodici volte in due settimane. Quest&#039;uomo vide con gli occhi dello spirito il vecchio morente, cos\u00ec venne a salutarlo e a ricevere la sua benedizione finale, e aveva una relazione con lui da molto tempo. Disse allo sceicco: &quot;\u00c8 ora di cambiarsi d&#039;abito&quot;. Indicando l&#039;arrivo dell&#039;ora della morte. Padre Leonid gli rispose: &quot;Prega per me, Vasily, affinch\u00e9 il Maestro mi salvi dalla morte eterna&quot;. Il visitatore lo rassicur\u00f2 dicendo: \u201cAbbi fiducia, non aver paura, Lui ti salver\u00e0\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Cos\u00ec fin\u00ec la lotta di questo santo, la cui santit\u00e0 \u00e8 stata dichiarata canonizzata dalla Chiesa russa insieme agli altri anziani Optino nel millenario del battesimo dei russi. Le sue ultime parole furono: \u201cGloria a te, o Dio, gloria a te\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>La chiesa lo festeggia l&#039;11 ottobre, insieme agli altri santi del Monastero di Optina\/Optino<\/p>\n<p>Per l&#039;intercessione di San Leonid e di tutti gli anziani di Optino, Signore Ges\u00f9 Cristo, abbi piet\u00e0 di noi e salvaci, Amen.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 Lev Nagolkine \u0639\u0627\u0645 1767 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644 OREL \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a 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This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 - \u062d\u0631\u0641: \u0643 - \u0644 - \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\": \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 Lev Nagolkine \u0639\u0627\u0645 1767 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644 OREL \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629: Kaloga, Lev Nagolkine, Optino, Paissios Veltshovsky, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062b\u0627\u0648\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0637\u0642\u0629, \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644, \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0627, \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627, \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0631, \u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0648\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0648, \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u0639, \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648, \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627, \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631, \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646, \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628, \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0629, \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/it\/saints-and-fathers\/kaf-lam\/st-venerable-leonid-of-optina-the-elder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 - \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\":\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 Lev Nagolkine \u0639\u0627\u0645 1767 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644 OREL \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629: Kaloga, Lev Nagolkine, Optino, Paissios Veltshovsky, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062b\u0627\u0648\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0637\u0642\u0629, \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644, \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0627, \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627, \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0631, \u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e \u0627\u0648\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0648, \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u0639, \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648, \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627, \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631, \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646, \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628, \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0629, \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/it\/saints-and-fathers\/kaf-lam\/st-venerable-leonid-of-optina-the-elder\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/orthodoxonline\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-05-05T09:48:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-02-19T01:39:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/11-oct-Venerable-Leonid-of-Optina-the-Elder.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"250\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"418\" \/>\n\t<meta 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644 OREL \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629: Kaloga, Lev Nagolkine, Optino, Paissios Veltshovsky, \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0637, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062b\u0627\u0648\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0633, \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 - \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646","og_description":":\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 Lev Nagolkine \u0639\u0627\u0645 1767 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644 OREL \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629: Kaloga, Lev Nagolkine, Optino, Paissios Veltshovsky, 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