{"id":1969,"date":"2010-04-25T20:50:26","date_gmt":"2010-04-25T20:50:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/orthodox-library\/faith-and-doctrine\/ammunition-orthodoxy\/chapter-ii-knowledge-of-the-truth\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T03:53:30","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T02:53:30","slug":"chapter-ii-cognizance-of-the-truth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/pt\/orthodox-library\/faith-and-doctrine\/basic-dogmatic-teaching\/chapter-ii-cognizance-of-the-truth\/","title":{"rendered":"Cap\u00edtulo Dois - Conhecendo a Verdade"},"content":{"rendered":"

A - Conhecendo a Deus<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Conhecer a Deus n\u00e3o significa compreend\u00ea-lo atrav\u00e9s da l\u00f3gica, mas sim atrav\u00e9s de um encontro pessoal com Ele. Quando uma pessoa se entrega completamente a Deus e deseja encontr\u00e1-Lo e sua alma anseia por Ele, e depois de passar pela nuvem negra da ignor\u00e2ncia, Deus vem at\u00e9 ela e ilumina tudo ao seu redor e lhe revela, ou como disse o Profeta Daniel diz: \u201cEle \u00e9 o revelador de profundezas e segredos\u201d. Ele conhece o que h\u00e1 nas trevas, e a luz habita com ele\u201d (Daniel 2:22). O homem ainda precisa realmente ter fome e sede de Deus (Salmo 1: 4, Jeremias 38: 25). Quem prova a presen\u00e7a da luz divina sente sua extrema fraqueza, inadequa\u00e7\u00e3o e indignidade, por isso canta com a mulher pecadora: (\u00d3 Senhor, a mulher que caiu em muitos pecados sentiu a tua divindade..).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Os Padres da Igreja foram un\u00e2nimes neste assunto. Eles ensinaram que o conhecimento de Deus \u00e9 um dom divino e n\u00e3o o resultado do esfor\u00e7o humano. \u201cEnvia a tua luz e a tua verdade, e elas me guiar\u00e3o e me levar\u00e3o ao teu santo monte e \u00e0s tuas moradas\u201d (Salmos 42:3). Ningu\u00e9m pode conhecer a Deus a menos que o pr\u00f3prio Deus o ensine. S\u00e3o Greg\u00f3rio, o Te\u00f3logo, disse: (N\u00e3o h\u00e1 maneira de conhecer a Deus, exceto viver Nele). Quanto a S\u00e3o Greg\u00f3rio de Nissa, ele disse: \u201cO te\u00f3logo \u00e9 aquele que ora verdadeiramente, e quem ora verdadeiramente \u00e9 o te\u00f3logo\u201d (ver Salmo 35:10, especialmente: E na tua luz vemos a luz).<\/p>\n

B - Condi\u00e7\u00f5es para conhecer a Deus<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Deus n\u00e3o \u00e9 revelado a quem O busca com raz\u00e3o, mas a quem O ama, \u201cmas quem ama a Deus \u00e9 aquele a quem Deus conhece\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 8-3). Quem ama a Deus de cora\u00e7\u00e3o ouvir\u00e1 a Sua voz chamando-o a subir ao monte e passar pela nuvem. Uma pessoa deve ser humilde se realmente deseja encontrar Deus (Mateus 5:3, 18:3, Pedro 5:5) e ser pura de cora\u00e7\u00e3o (Salmo 33:19). cora\u00e7\u00e3o, porque ver\u00e3o a Deus.\u201d (Mateus 5:8).<\/p>\n

Mas isso n\u00e3o basta para que Deus se revele ao homem. Ele tamb\u00e9m deve seguir o ensinamento de Cristo, porque \u201cquem ultrapassa o seu limite e n\u00e3o segue o ensinamento de Cristo n\u00e3o desfruta de Deus\u201d. E quem persiste nesse ensino tem tanto o Pai como o Filho\u201d (2 Jo\u00e3o 9). \u201cQuem faz o bem vem de Deus, mas quem faz o mal n\u00e3o viu a Deus\u201d (3 Jo\u00e3o: 11). Quem n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma pessoa de amor e humildade, e quem n\u00e3o se purifica e preserva os ensinamentos de Cristo, n\u00e3o pode ser um te\u00f3logo, ou seja, uma pessoa que conhece a Deus, porque \u201cquem afirma que reside em Deus deve andar como o vida de Cristo\u201d (1 Jo\u00e3o 2:6). Aquele que n\u00e3o se purifica, S\u00e3o M\u00e1ximo, o Confessor, o chama de \u201cte\u00f3logo do diabo\u201d. O Ap\u00f3stolo S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o disse: \u201cAmados, de agora em diante somos filhos de Deus e ainda n\u00e3o nos foi revelado o que somos. Sabemos que quando Cristo aparecer seremos semelhantes a ele, porque o veremos como ele \u00e9. E quem tem esperan\u00e7a em Cristo purifica-se a si mesmo, assim como Cristo \u00e9 puro... Aquele que peca n\u00e3o viu nem conheceu a Deus\u201d (1 Jo\u00e3o 3:2-6). A pureza interior do homem n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas condi\u00e7\u00e3o para conhecer a Deus, mas \u00e9 tamb\u00e9m fruto da uni\u00e3o com Ele. O Senhor Jesus dirigiu-se ao Pai diante de seus disc\u00edpulos e disse: \u201cEu lhes revelei o teu nome e lhes revelarei, para que o teu amor esteja em mim e eu esteja neles\u201d (Jo\u00e3o 17). :16).<\/p>\n

Conhecer a Deus \u00e9 uma b\u00ean\u00e7\u00e3o Dele (G\u00e1latas 4:9, Jo\u00e3o 6:44), mas pressup\u00f5e o relacionamento pessoal do homem com Cristo, ent\u00e3o ningu\u00e9m vai ao Pai a menos que passe por mim (Jo\u00e3o 14:6), (pois ningu\u00e9m conhece-se o Filho exceto o Pai \u201cNingu\u00e9m conhece o Pai sen\u00e3o o Filho e aquele que o Filho quiser que lhe apare\u00e7a\u201d (Mateus 11:27). Este relacionamento pessoal com o Filho \u00e9 alcan\u00e7ado pela presen\u00e7a do Esp\u00edrito Santo (ver). John 14:6, 15:16:13).<\/p>\n

C- O ponto de partida para conhecer Deus e Seu prop\u00f3sito<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

O ponto de partida para conhecer a Deus dentro da igreja \u00e9 radicalmente diferente do ponto de partida para conhecer a Deus na filosofia, e o objetivo e o prop\u00f3sito s\u00e3o diferentes. Mas Cristo declarou claramente esse objetivo em sua ora\u00e7\u00e3o ao Pai: \u201cQue o vosso amor por mim esteja neles, e eu neles\u201d (Jo\u00e3o 17:26). Assim, o ponto de partida para o conhecimento de Deus na Igreja \u00e9 o encontro pessoal com Cristo, enquanto o seu objetivo \u00e9 o amor que expressa a vida da Sant\u00edssima Trindade, ou seja, a participa\u00e7\u00e3o do homem nesta vida. \u201cEu estou neles e voc\u00ea est\u00e1 em mim para que a unidade deles seja completa\u2026. Para que o vosso amor por mim esteja neles e eu neles\u201d (Jo\u00e3o 17:23-26). O ponto de partida para conhecer a Deus \u00e9 Cristo. Isto \u00e9 o que Jo\u00e3o descreve no in\u00edcio do seu Evangelho: \u201cE o Verbo se fez carne e habitou entre n\u00f3s, e vimos a sua gl\u00f3ria, a gl\u00f3ria do Filho unig\u00eanito que veio do Pai, cheio de gra\u00e7a e de verdade\u201d (Jo\u00e3o 1). :14). Quanto \u00e0 meta e objetivo de conhecer a Deus, s\u00e3o a vida em Cristo, ou seja, a uni\u00e3o completa do homem com Cristo.<\/p>\n

Portanto, a pessoa de Cristo sempre foi o foco da prega\u00e7\u00e3o apost\u00f3lica, e seu objetivo era a uni\u00e3o com Cristo e a salva\u00e7\u00e3o \u201cem Cristo\u201d (Atos 4:12, 5:28-32).<\/p>\n

D - O desafio da cruz<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

A pessoa de Cristo \u00e9 o in\u00edcio e o objetivo do conhecimento de Deus e da salva\u00e7\u00e3o do homem. Este \u00e9 o Evangelho, isto \u00e9, a mensagem salvadora que Cristo nos trouxe. Mas os Judeus e Gentios na era apost\u00f3lica foram incapazes de aceitar esta afirma\u00e7\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o a encarna\u00e7\u00e3o de Cristo, especialmente a cruz e a morte, permaneceu uma pedra de trope\u00e7o para os Judeus e ignor\u00e2ncia para os Gentios, porque a cruz de Cristo e a sua encarna\u00e7\u00e3o foram um desafio \u00e0 l\u00f3gica humana. \u201cAs boas novas da cruz s\u00e3o loucura para aqueles que trilham o caminho da perdi\u00e7\u00e3o, mas para n\u00f3s que trilhamos o caminho da salva\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 o poder de Deus\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 1:18). \u201cSe os judeus procuram sinais e os gregos procuram sabedoria, ent\u00e3o clamamos por um Messias crucificado. Isto \u00e9 uma pedra de trope\u00e7o para os judeus e uma tolice aos olhos dos gregos. Quanto \u00e0queles a quem Deus chamou dentre os judeus e gregos, Cristo \u00e9 o poder de Deus e a sabedoria de Deus. O que parece ser loucura da parte de Deus \u00e9 mais sabedoria do que a sabedoria dos homens, e o que parece ser fraqueza da parte de Deus \u00e9 mais forte do que os homens\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 1:22-25).<\/p>\n

Podemos dizer que o Mensageiro desafia os judeus e os pag\u00e3os, e n\u00e3o sente necessidade de sustentar a sua prega\u00e7\u00e3o com l\u00f3gica, nem tem qualquer sentimento de inferioridade por causa desta posi\u00e7\u00e3o, pelo contr\u00e1rio, o encontramos agindo de forma consciente, sem. desejando fortalecer a f\u00e9 das pessoas no poder das palavras humanas ou na sabedoria humana, n\u00f3s o vemos dirigindo-se a elas, dizendo: \u201cMinhas palavras e minha prega\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o dependiam dos m\u00e9todos da sabedoria humana para persuas\u00e3o, mas daquilo que o Esp\u00edrito e o poder de. Deus revele, para que a sua f\u00e9 seja baseada no poder de Deus, n\u00e3o na Sua sabedoria.\u201d Humanos\u2026. Pelo contr\u00e1rio, \u00e9 a sabedoria secreta e oculta de Deus, que Deus preparou antes dos tempos para nossa gl\u00f3ria\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 2:4-7). Os profetas do Antigo Testamento pregaram este ensino pela primeira vez, por isso o ap\u00f3stolo Paulo os cita (1 Cor\u00edntios 1:19-20): \u201cEm v\u00e3o me honram, ensinando doutrinas e mandamentos \u00e0s pessoas. Por isso decidi mudar o lugar deste povo, destruir a sabedoria dos s\u00e1bios e destruir a intelig\u00eancia dos inteligentes\u201d (Isa\u00edas 29:13-14).<\/p>\n

E - A for\u00e7a do esp\u00edrito<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

O conhecimento de Deus, isto \u00e9, a verdadeira f\u00e9, \u00e9 o resultado da prega\u00e7\u00e3o da Cruz. Mas o evangelismo por si s\u00f3 n\u00e3o \u00e9 capaz de mostrar Deus \u00e0s pessoas. Assim como a fonte da prega\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 Deus que se revelou na pessoa do Filho, a aceita\u00e7\u00e3o dela pelo homem prov\u00e9m do Esp\u00edrito que o conduz a Cristo. \u201cN\u00e3o recebemos o esp\u00edrito deste mundo, mas recebemos o Esp\u00edrito enviado por Deus para conhecer os dons que Deus nos deu. N\u00e3o falamos sobre isso com palavras tiradas da sabedoria humana, mas sim com palavras tiradas do esp\u00edrito, por isso expressamos verdades espirituais em termos espirituais. A pessoa humana n\u00e3o aceita o que vem do Esp\u00edrito de Deus porque considera isso uma loucura, e \u00e9 incapaz de compreender porque o julgamento s\u00f3 pode ser atrav\u00e9s do Esp\u00edrito. Quanto \u00e0 pessoa espiritual, ela domina tudo e ningu\u00e9m domina. A B\u00edblia diz: Quem \u00e9 aquele que conhece a mente do Senhor para gui\u00e1-lo, mas n\u00f3s temos a mente de Cristo\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 2:12-16, veja Isa\u00edas 40:13). A quest\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o, n\u00e3o se baseia no m\u00e9todo de persuas\u00e3o \u201cpela sabedoria humana\u201d, mas sim \u201cnaquilo que \u00e9 demonstrado pelo Esp\u00edrito e pelo poder de Deus, para que a sua f\u00e9 seja baseada no poder de Deus, e n\u00e3o na a sabedoria dos homens\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 2:4-5). Assim percebemos por que as pessoas se perdem no caminho para Cristo e por que os pr\u00f3prios ap\u00f3stolos n\u00e3o puderam conhecer o Senhor e realizar Sua gl\u00f3ria antes do Pentecostes. Mesmo os tr\u00eas disc\u00edpulos que deveriam acompanhar o Senhor ao monte no dia da Transfigura\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o experimentaram ali toda a grandeza da gl\u00f3ria do Senhor, pois o trop\u00e1rio desta festa confirma que Cristo revelou a Sua gl\u00f3ria aos disc\u00edpulos \u201csegundo o que eles puderam\u201d, isto \u00e9, segundo o que puderam perceber. \u00c9 certo que n\u00e3o o perceberam. A grandeza da gl\u00f3ria de Cristo \u00e9 completa.<\/p>\n

Tamb\u00e9m percebemos por que os disc\u00edpulos abandonaram Cristo enquanto ele estava na cruz, por que estavam com medo (Mateus 26:25, Marcos 14:50, Jo\u00e3o 21:19) e por que n\u00e3o pregaram sua ressurrei\u00e7\u00e3o imediatamente depois que ele apareceu a eles. . Os ap\u00f3stolos n\u00e3o conheceram verdadeiramente a Cristo at\u00e9 depois do Pentecostes, e ent\u00e3o come\u00e7aram a pregar, n\u00e3o se importando com a rea\u00e7\u00e3o dos judeus e pag\u00e3os, mas \u201cpregando com poder e autoridade\u201d (Atos 4:1-20).<\/p>\n

E - ateus<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

O ap\u00f3stolo Tiago faz uma distin\u00e7\u00e3o radical entre \u201ca sabedoria que desce do alto\u201d e a sabedoria que ele chama de \u201csabedoria mundana, humana, sat\u00e2nica\u201d (Tiago 3:15). A segunda sabedoria \u00e9 aquela que est\u00e1 completamente separada de Deus e n\u00e3o leva \u00e0 Sua gl\u00f3ria, mas \u00e0 gl\u00f3ria do homem, e assim \u00e9 (sabedoria sat\u00e2nica) (ver G\u00eanesis 3:4). Quanto \u00e0 primeira sabedoria, n\u00e3o se deve ao esfor\u00e7o humano e, portanto, permanece escondida dos \u201cs\u00e1bios e prudentes deste mundo\u201d e s\u00f3 \u00e9 revelada \u00e0s crian\u00e7as (Mateus 11:25, Lucas 10:21) e \u201caos ignorantes do mundo e aos humildes e desprezados, de modo que ningu\u00e9m pode gloriar-se diante de Deus\u201d (1 Cor\u00edntios 1:27-29). Igreja, pois eles s\u00f3 contam com Com base nas suas pr\u00f3prias for\u00e7as, embora o que procuram seja sustentado apenas por essas for\u00e7as, mostramos claramente que o divino n\u00e3o \u00e9 compat\u00edvel com as capacidades da percep\u00e7\u00e3o humana, e que o homem n\u00e3o pode compreender Deus da maneira que deseja. fragr\u00e2ncia do poder de Deus e o brilho da gl\u00f3ria do Todo-Poderoso. \u00c9 o brilho da luz eterna, um espelho puro da obra de Deus e uma imagem de Sua bondade\u201d (Sabedoria 7: 25-26). Ent\u00e3o Salom\u00e3o, o S\u00e1bio, pergunta: \u201cQuem pode conhecer a tua vontade, a menos que voc\u00ea lhe conceda sabedoria e envie sobre ele o seu Esp\u00edrito Santo?\u201d (Sabedoria 9:17).<\/p>\n

A hist\u00f3ria revela muitos exemplos de pessoas que falharam na sua busca de Deus, porque confiaram nas suas pr\u00f3prias for\u00e7as e no seu potencial humano. Muitos fil\u00f3sofos e pensadores tentaram conhecer Deus atrav\u00e9s das suas mentes, mas \u00e9 claro que foram derrotados. Foi isso que levou alguns deles a negar completamente a Deus e afirmar que Ele n\u00e3o existe. Alguns deles tamb\u00e9m falaram de uma certa for\u00e7a e de um Deus abstrato que n\u00e3o estabelece uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o pessoal com o homem nem se comunica com ele.<\/p>\n

Deus \u00e9 \u201co caminho, a verdade e a vida\u201d (Jo\u00e3o 14:6), portanto Ele n\u00e3o permanece sozinho. Ele \u00e9 um ser abstrato que n\u00e3o se comunica com os humanos e n\u00e3o se preocupa com o mundo, como alguns afirmam. O Senhor disse atrav\u00e9s de Seu Profeta Jeremias: \u201cEu sou um Deus pr\u00f3ximo, e n\u00e3o um Deus distante. Encho os c\u00e9us e a terra\u201d (Jeremias 23: 23-24 e ver Deuteron\u00f4mio 4: 7). Ele diz a Mois\u00e9s: \u201cEu sou o Deus de Abra\u00e3o, o Deus de Isaque e o Deus de Jac\u00f3\u201d (\u00caxodo 3:6, ver Mateus 22:32, Marcos 12:26). O Deus que salvou o homem n\u00e3o est\u00e1 longe dele. Est\u00e1 perto dele e dentro dele, e \u00e9 o Esp\u00edrito de Deus que o revela em seu cora\u00e7\u00e3o (Jo\u00e3o 14:26, 1 Jo\u00e3o 2:20, 27).<\/p>\n

Uma pessoa deve, portanto, reconhecer a sua fraqueza, purificar o seu cora\u00e7\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s da humildade e do arrependimento, e procurar a revela\u00e7\u00e3o de Deus para ela. Se n\u00e3o o fizer, estar\u00e1 condenado a permanecer sem Deus, o Doador da vida, isto \u00e9, a permanecer no ate\u00edsmo.<\/p>\n

Existem outros tipos de ateus. Aqueles que se afogaram no pecado e nos desejos carnais negam a Deus, porque a cren\u00e7a Nele os condena e rejeita o seu comportamento di\u00e1rio (Prov\u00e9rbios 28:5, Salmos 13:1). Ao neg\u00e1-lo e consider\u00e1-lo um ser distante e um deus que n\u00e3o se importa com o homem, eles conseguem continuar sua vida cotidiana sem supervis\u00e3o. Mas Deus encontra aqueles que \u201cn\u00e3o O tentam, e Ele aparece \u00e0queles que n\u00e3o descreem Nele\u201d, como diz Salom\u00e3o, o S\u00e1bio, e depois acrescenta: \u201cPorque os pensamentos fugazes est\u00e3o longe de Deus, e a prova do Seu poder concorda com os ignorantes. A sabedoria n\u00e3o entra na alma m\u00e1, nem reside no corpo escravizado pelo pecado. Porque o Esp\u00edrito Santo, o disciplinador, foge do engano e se desvia dos pensamentos tolos, e falha quando a iniq\u00fcidade se aproxima\u201d (Sabedoria 1: 2-5). \u00c9 por isso que conhecer a Deus requer pureza de cora\u00e7\u00e3o e pureza de inten\u00e7\u00e3o. Quanto \u00e0 pessoa m\u00e1 que \u00e9 semelhante a Satan\u00e1s e incorpora toda a maldade e tenta\u00e7\u00e3o, ela n\u00e3o pode alcan\u00e7ar o verdadeiro conhecimento de Deus, n\u00e3o importa o quanto procure a B\u00edblia Sagrada, mesmo que a memorize de cor. Neste sentido, a segunda experi\u00eancia de Cristo depois do batismo \u00e9 muito expressiva. O Evangelista Mateus mencionou-nos que o esp\u00edrito do mal levou Cristo ao topo do templo e lhe disse: \u201cSe tu \u00e9s o Filho de Deus, lan\u00e7a-te abaixo; voc\u00ea, e eles o levar\u00e3o nas m\u00e3os, para que voc\u00ea n\u00e3o tropece em alguma pedra'\u201d (Mateus 4:6, Salmo 90:11). A inten\u00e7\u00e3o de Satan\u00e1s n\u00e3o era pura. Ele n\u00e3o pediu a uni\u00e3o com Cristo, isto \u00e9, o verdadeiro conhecimento de Deus. Em vez disso, ele queria tentar o Senhor a um ato maligno que nada tem a ver com confian\u00e7a, amor e obedi\u00eancia \u00e0 vontade. do Pai, e n\u00e3o est\u00e1 relacionado com a inten\u00e7\u00e3o divina, mas antes expressa submiss\u00e3o aos prop\u00f3sitos de Satan\u00e1s. E ent\u00e3o o Senhor lhe respondeu: (Tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 escrito: N\u00e3o ponhas \u00e0 prova o Senhor teu Deus) (Mateus 4:7, Lucas 4:12, Deuteron\u00f4mio 6:16, veja 1 Cor\u00edntios 10:9, N\u00fameros 31: 5-6).<\/p>\n

Quem n\u00e3o fala com inten\u00e7\u00f5es puras nunca alcan\u00e7ar\u00e1 o Senhor, e n\u00e3o poder\u00e1 unir-se a Ele, por mais que busque e trabalhe, e por mais que estude a B\u00edblia Sagrada. \u201cMinha alma tem sede de Deus, do Deus vivo. Quando irei e aparecerei diante de Deus (Salmo 41:2) Quem anseia inteiramente por Deus e corre como um cervo sedento para as fontes da vida (Salmos 41:1), isto \u00e9, para Cristo (Jo\u00e3o 4:10, 14, 7:37), obter\u00e1 \u201c\u00e1gua viva\u201d (Jo\u00e3o 4 :10). Quanto a quem tenta saciar a sede sozinho, nunca conseguir\u00e1. \u201cDe gra\u00e7a saciarei o sedento da fonte da vida\u201d (Apocalipse 21:6), \u201cEnt\u00e3o, quem tiver sede, venha, e quem quiser, tire de gra\u00e7a a \u00e1gua da vida\u201d (Apocalipse 12:17, veja Isa\u00edas 55:1 ).<\/p>\n

\n

Nota de rodap\u00e9 vinculada ao t\u00edtulo \u201cConhecendo a Verdade\u201d:<\/p>\n

Veja tamb\u00e9m: (Caminhos para Deus) de Kosti Bandali e (Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Doutrina Crist\u00e3) de Kosti Bandali e um grupo de autores, Al-Noor Publications (editora).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Conhecer a Deus n\u00e3o significa compreend\u00ea-lo atrav\u00e9s da l\u00f3gica, mas sim atrav\u00e9s de um encontro pessoal com Ele. Quando uma pessoa se entrega completamente a Deus e deseja encontr\u00e1-Lo e sua alma anseia por Ele, e depois de passar pela nuvem escura da ignor\u00e2ncia, Deus vem at\u00e9 ela e ilumina tudo ao seu redor e se revela a 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