{"id":620,"date":"2009-02-23T15:52:43","date_gmt":"2009-02-23T15:52:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/church-history\/church-history-to-fourth-century\/church-systems\/"},"modified":"2009-02-23T15:52:43","modified_gmt":"2009-02-23T15:52:43","slug":"church-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/ro\/church-history\/church-history-to-fourth-century\/church-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"Sistemele biserice\u0219ti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Apostoli:<\/span><\/strong> Maica Bisericilor a precedat cu regularitate, recunosc\u00e2nd din credin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i dragoste autoritatea absolut\u0103 a Apostolilor. \u0218i apoi toate bisericile au urmat vreodat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Apostol este un cuv\u00e2nt grecesc, \u201eApostolos\u201d \u0219i este folosit \u00een Evanghelii \u0219i Epistole pentru a se referi la cei Doisprezece \u0219i la al\u021bi c\u00e2\u021biva. Acest nume este derivat din verbul \u201eApostellein\u201d, care este un verb compus al lui Apo \u0219i Stellein, primul sens departe \u0219i al doilea a trimis \u0219i trimis. Este un cuv\u00e2nt preluat din traducerea Septuagintei. Acest titlu - apostol - a fost dat \u00een Fapte 14 c\u00e2nd s-a referit la doi apostoli care au fost prezen\u021bi \u00een iconoclasm, iar referin\u021ba aici este la Pavel \u0219i Barnaba. Si altele.<\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Profe\u021bi \u0219i profesori:<\/span><\/strong> \u201eFaptele Apostolilor 13:1 Erau acolo \u00een Biserica Antiohia prooroci \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tori: Barnaba \u0219i Simon numit Niger, Lucius din Cirene \u0219i Manaen. Care a \u00eenviat \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Irod tetrarhul \u0219i Saul. \u201eAvem pe Agapius, care a prezis prin spirit c\u0103 va fi o foamete sever\u0103 \u00een lume, iar aceasta s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat \u00een zilele lui Claudius. Dar nu avem referin\u021be care s\u0103 ne permit\u0103 s\u0103 stabilim puterile acestor profe\u021bi. Chiar dac\u0103 au ob\u021binut o diplom\u0103 preo\u021beasc\u0103. Cu toate acestea, ei au jucat un rol \u00een \u00eendrumare \u0219i evanghelizare. C\u00e2t despre profesori, Didascales, ei desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 aceea\u0219i lucrare \u2013 predicare \u0219i \u00eendrumare \u2013 cu excep\u021bia faptului c\u0103 profe\u021bii s-au bazat pe revela\u021bia divin\u0103, \u00een timp ce cei din urm\u0103 s-au bazat pe s\u00e2rguin\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Episcopii:<\/span><\/strong> Prima persoan\u0103 care a dat titlul de episcop a fost dat\u0103 de Apostolul Petru Domnului Isus \u00een prima sa scrisoare \u0219i \u00een al doilea capitol. Episcop este un cuv\u00e2nt grecesc compus, \u201eEpiskopos\u201d, care \u00eenseamn\u0103 supraveghetor \u0219i supraveghetor. Acest cuv\u00e2nt este compus din Epi, care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201epornit\u201d, \u0219i Skopein, care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201eobserv\u0103 \u0219i monitorizeaz\u0103\u201d. Acest cuv\u00e2nt a fost men\u021bionat \u00een traducerea Septuagintei (Iov, 1 Macabei, Neemia,...). C\u00e2t despre lucrarea episcopului \u00een biserica primar\u0103, aceasta nu este clar\u0103 \u00een Biblie. Dar c\u00e2nd apostolul Pavel a scris o scrisoare c\u0103tre Filipeni. A folosit formula \u201eepiscopi\u201d \u0219i apoi a men\u021bionat diaconii. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 episcopul se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219te cu \u0219eicul ales. Epistolele pauline au folosit singularul pentru episcop \u0219i colectivul pentru diaconi. Concluzion\u0103m c\u0103 biserica l-a considerat pe episcop capul comunit\u0103\u021bii locale de credincio\u0219i \u0219i l-a deosebit de comunitatea de credincio\u0219i. \u00cel deosebea de b\u0103tr\u00e2ni, pastori \u0219i preo\u021bi. R\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea credin\u021bei a impus hirotonirea episcopilor \u00een fiecare regiune. Iat\u0103 ce ne dezv\u0103luie scrisorile Sf\u00e2ntului Ignatie al Antiohiei \u2013 al treilea patriarh al Scaunului din Antiohia.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Seici:<\/span><\/strong> Acest cuv\u00e2nt este folosit mult \u00een Noul Testament \u0219i se refer\u0103 la \u201est\u0103p\u00e2nire\u201d, predicare \u0219i predare. \u00cen general, nu putem \u0219ti clar ce tip de lucrare f\u0103cea fiecare dintre ace\u0219ti lideri \u0219i ce grad de preo\u021bie practicau. \u00cen scrisoarea lui Clement al Romei c\u0103tre poporul din Corint, este dificil s\u0103 faci diferen\u021ba \u00eentre un episcop \u0219i un b\u0103tr\u00e2n. De asemenea, este imposibil s\u0103 g\u0103si\u021bi o referire la \u0219eici \u00een textul Hadithha. Este probabil c\u0103 acest lucru se datoreaz\u0103 faptului c\u0103 organizarea bisericeasc\u0103 din primul secol nu era uniform\u0103 \u0219i consecvent\u0103 \u00een biserici.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Diaconii:<\/span><\/strong> Diacon este un cuv\u00e2nt siriac care \u00eenseamn\u0103 slujitor religios. Ei vin dup\u0103 \u0219eici. Cuv\u00e2ntul \u201ediacon\u201d corespunde cuv\u00e2ntului grecesc \u201ediakonos\u201d, a\u0219a cum este men\u021bionat \u00een Cartea Faptele Apostolilor \u0219i \u00een Epistole. Ei au fost ale\u0219i \u00een biserica primar\u0103 pentru slujire \u0219i prin punerea m\u00e2inilor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644: \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. 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