{"id":2282,"date":"2010-05-16T09:34:51","date_gmt":"2010-05-16T09:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/saints-and-fathers\/ya\/st-james-brother-of-the-lord\/"},"modified":"2026-02-19T02:26:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T01:26:12","slug":"st-james-brother-of-the-lord","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/tr\/saints-and-fathers\/ya\/st-james-brother-of-the-lord\/","title":{"rendered":"Rab&#039;bin karde\u015fi James, Kud\u00fcs&#039;\u00fcn ilk piskoposu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2281\" style=\"float: left;\" title=\"Aziz James, Rabbin karde\u015fi\" alt=\"Aziz James, Rabbin karde\u015fi\" src=\"http:\/\/orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/23_oct_james_the_lords_brother.jpg\" height=\"109\" width=\"100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/23_oct_james_the_lords_brother.jpg 597w, https:\/\/www.orthodoxonline.org\/theology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2010\/05\/23_oct_james_the_lords_brother-276x300.jpg 276w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 100px) 100vw, 100px\" \/>Kilise onu 23 Ekim&#039;de kutluyor ve o, Onikilerden biri olan Alphaeus&#039;un o\u011flu Havari Yakup de\u011fil. \u0130ncil ondan Rab \u0130sa&#039;n\u0131n d\u00f6rt karde\u015finden biri olarak bahseder ve geri kalan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc ilk ba\u015fta ona inanmayan Joses, Simon ve Yahuda&#039;d\u0131r (Matta 13:55 ve Markos 6:3). 5).<\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p>Bu karde\u015flerin Rab \u0130sa ile olan ili\u015fkilerine gelince, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan itibaren birden fazla a\u00e7\u0131klama vard\u0131: Baz\u0131 terc\u00fcmanlara g\u00f6re onlar Meryem&#039;in k\u0131z karde\u015finin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yd\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re ise Yusuf&#039;un \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yd\u0131. ve Yahudi gelene\u011fine g\u00f6re bunlar karde\u015ftir. Gelenekte en yayg\u0131n olan ikinci a\u00e7\u0131klama ise, eskilerin Yusuf&#039;un Meryem&#039;le evlendi\u011finde dul oldu\u011funa inanmas\u0131 nedeniyle bunlar\u0131n Yusuf&#039;un \u00f6nceki evlili\u011finden olan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 oldu\u011fudur.<\/p>\n<p>Onlar\u0131n birlikte Yusuf ve Meryem&#039;in \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olmalar\u0131na gelince, bunu s\u00f6yleyen bir metin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve bunlardan ikisinin, Yakup ve Joses&#039;in annesi Meryem&#039;in \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fka nedenlerden dolay\u0131 bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerilen \u0130sa&#039;ya uzaktan bakan kad\u0131nlar: &quot;Ve aralar\u0131nda Mecdelli Meryem ve Yakup&#039;un, Joses&#039;in ve Salome&#039;nin annesi Meryem vard\u0131.&quot;<\/p>\n<p>Karde\u015f kelimesinin Yahudiler aras\u0131nda fiziksel akrabal\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da bir\u00e7ok anlam\u0131 oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Bunun bir \u00f6rne\u011fini Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f kitab\u0131nda \u0130brahim&#039;in Lut&#039;un amcas\u0131 oldu\u011fundan (11:27) ve ba\u015fka bir yerde de \u0130brahim&#039;den bahsedilmektedir. Lut&#039;un karde\u015fi (14:16). Karde\u015f genel olarak akrabad\u0131r. Yuhanna \u0130ncili&#039;nde, &quot;\u0130sa&#039;n\u0131n \u00e7arm\u0131h\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda annesi ve annesinin k\u0131z karde\u015fi, Kleopas&#039;\u0131n kar\u0131s\u0131 Meryem ve Mecdelli Meryem duruyordu&quot; (19:25), peki nas\u0131l ayn\u0131 isimli iki k\u0131z karde\u015f olabilir?<\/p>\n<p>Yakup, Yeni Ahit&#039;te kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan kapsaml\u0131 mektubun yazar\u0131d\u0131r ve mektubun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 &quot;Tanr\u0131&#039;n\u0131n kulu ve Rab \u0130sa Mesih&#039;ten Yakup&#039;tan iman edenlere...&quot; \u015feklindedir. El\u00e7i Pavlus, bug\u00fcn bayram g\u00fcn\u00fcnde okudu\u011fumuz Galatyal\u0131lara yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektup 1:19&#039;da ondan s\u00f6z ediyor: \u201c...Petrus&#039;u g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in Yeru\u015falim&#039;e gittim ve on be\u015f g\u00fcn onun yan\u0131nda kald\u0131m; Rab&#039;bin karde\u015fi Yakup d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki di\u011fer el\u00e7iler.\u201d Bundan onun el\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip oldu\u011funu anl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<p>El\u00e7ilerin \u0130\u015fleri Kitab\u0131&#039;n\u0131n on be\u015finci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, havarilerin ve ihtiyarlar\u0131n s\u00fcnnet meselesini ve \u015fu sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere bir araya geldiklerini okuyoruz: \u0130sa&#039;ya inanan her Yahudi olmayan s\u00fcnnet edilmeli mi, olmamal\u0131 m\u0131? O g\u00fcn Yakub, Kud\u00fcs&#039;teki grubun ba\u015f\u0131 olarak durmu\u015f olup, o belirleyici s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti; ve, havariler oybirli\u011fiyle bu s\u00f6z \u00fczerinde anla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>El\u00e7iler onu Kud\u00fcs&#039;\u00fcn ilk piskoposu olarak se\u00e7tiler - geleneklerden bildi\u011fimiz gibi - ve onu otuz y\u0131l boyunca y\u00f6nettiler, Yahudilere ve Yahudi olmayanlara m\u00fcjdeyi vaaz edip onlar\u0131 Mesih&#039;e getirdiler. Yahudiler ondan nefret ediyordu; y\u00fcksek bir yerden vaaz verirken din bilginleri ve Ferisiler onu ittiler; i\u00e7lerinden biri ona vurdu ve \u015fehit olarak \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>&quot;Tanr\u0131&#039;n\u0131n Karde\u015fi Aziz James&quot; ayini de ona atfedilir; bilim adamlar\u0131 bunun d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na ya da be\u015finci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve Basil&#039;in Ayini ile Chrysostom&#039;un Ayini&#039;nin ana kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kabul edildi\u011fine inan\u0131rlar, ancak bu ayin art\u0131k ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini yitirmi\u015ftir. 12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Bu hizmetin y\u0131lda bir kez Kud\u00fcs Kilisesi&#039;nde bayram g\u00fcn\u00fcnde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu, Rab&#039;bin karde\u015fi Havari Yakup hakk\u0131nda Yeni Ahit&#039;ten \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z en belirgin \u015feydir. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ortak olan \u015fey ise mirasa aittir. Gelenekte onun Adil Yakup olarak tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ocuklu\u011fundan beri Nezir oldu\u011fu, hayat\u0131n\u0131n sonuna kadar iffetli kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, asgari yiyecekle yetindi\u011fi ve gecelerini s\u0131k s\u0131k burada ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 secdeden dolay\u0131 dizleri ta\u015f gibi oluncaya kadar namaz k\u0131ld\u0131. Havariler oybirli\u011fiyle onu Kud\u00fcs&#039;\u00fcn ilk piskoposu olarak se\u00e7tiler ve o, otuz y\u0131l boyunca g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. Bilim adamlar\u0131, hem B\u00fcy\u00fck Aziz Basil hem de John Chrysostom Ayini&#039;nin k\u00f6keninin oldu\u011funa inand\u0131klar\u0131 en eski ayin olan &quot;Aziz Yakup Havari Ayini&quot; ona atfedilir. Hem Yahudi hem de Yahudi olmayan bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131 Mesih&#039;e iman ettirdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylendi, bu y\u00fczden Yahudiler ondan nefret etti ve ondan kurtulmaya karar verdi.<\/p>\n<p>Aziz Jerome onun hakk\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u0130ncil&#039;i diasporadaki \u0130srail&#039;in on iki kabilesine vaaz etti. \u0130spanya&#039;daki Kilise gelene\u011fine uygun olarak James orada vaaz verdi.<\/p>\n<p>Bir defas\u0131nda insanlara bir evin dam\u0131ndan ya da belki de tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131n bir kanad\u0131ndan vaaz vermi\u015fti, ama din bilginleri ve Ferisiler onun yan\u0131na gelip onu y\u00fcksek bir yerden att\u0131lar, o da yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve yaraland\u0131; ama o bunu yapt\u0131. \u00f6lmemek. Ancak bir manyak onun ba\u015f\u0131na sopayla vurdu ve altm\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u015fehit olarak Rabbine kavu\u015ftu. Bu MS 62 y\u0131l\u0131ndayd\u0131. Daha sonra dindar Yahudiler, yetmi\u015finci y\u0131lda Yeru\u015falim&#039;in ku\u015fat\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, Tanr\u0131&#039;n\u0131n onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesinin cezas\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde s\u00f6ylentiler yayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc melodide Troparia<br \/>Ey Aziz Havari Yakup, ruhlar\u0131m\u0131za g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamak i\u00e7in merhametli Tanr\u0131&#039;ya \u015fefaatte bulun.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci melodiyle Kandaq<br \/>\u0130lahi sesin sizi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyunca baban\u0131z\u0131n sevgisinden y\u00fcz \u00e7evirdiniz ve karde\u015finiz ey \u015fanl\u0131 Yakub&#039;la birlikte Mesih&#039;e do\u011fru ko\u015ftunuz ve onunla birlikte ilahi Rabbin tecellisine \u015fahit olmaya lay\u0131k oldunuz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0647 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