وقام قسطنطين في مطلع سنة 326 إلى رومة ليحتفل فيها بعيده العشرين. وكانت والدته القديسة هيلانة، قد استقرت في رومة وتمتعت بلقب “أوغسطة” وأثرت ثراء كبيراً. فعزمت في هذه السنة على القيام برحلة إلى فلسطين للتبرك بزيارة الأماكن المقدسة. فغادرت رومة في أواخر الصيف واتجهت إلى فلسطين بحراً. وكان قسطنطين قد فاوض مكاريوس أسقف أورشليم في إقامة كنيسة لائقة بالسيد المخلص في جلجثة تكون أفضل الكنائس. فاستحثت القديسة الأسقف على إتمام هذا العمل. وكان قد سبق للمسيحيون أن أقاموا في القرن الثالث بناء مثمن الأضلاع والزوايا فوق المذود الذي ولد فيه السيد في بيت لحم فأضافت هيلانة إلى هذا المثمن بازيليقة فخمة وفعلت مثل هذا عند كهف الصعود.
وعند انتهاء القرن الرابع كان المسيحيون يتناقلون خبراً مؤداه أن القديسة هيلانة بعد تفتيش دقيق وعناء شديد وجدت ثلاث صلبان في جلجثة وأنها أحبت أن تتعرف إلى صليب السيد منها فلمست بها جسد مريض وانتقت ذاك الذي شفى المريض. ومما تناقل أنها لدى عودتها أذابت مسامير الصلبان في خوذة قسطنطين ابنها والآخر في لجام حصانه كما أنها وزعت عود الصليب على عدة كنائس.
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